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Abstract <p>The review examines the nearly 30-year-long history of cultivating biotechnological varieties of oilseed rape (<i>Brassica napus</i>), sold under the brand name canola. Transgenic constructs conferring resistance to nonselective herbicides have enhanced the high invasive potential of rapeseed, giving GM varieties a selective advantage over common weeds. Volunteer populations of GM rapeseed have become a permanent trait of transport infrastructure in countries where rapeseed is grown, in countries where its seeds are imported, and in countries through which this transit occurs. Transgenes are transferred from GM rapeseed to related <i>Brassica</i> species. Weed populations have been discovered in which transgenic constructs for resistance to nonselective herbicides circulate. These populations eventually acquire resistance to other herbicides. For example, in Argentina, where GM rapeseed has never been grown, a population of transgenic <i>B. rapa</i>, resistant to five herbicides, is spreading widely. In 2024, the global rapeseed crop area (including canola) equaled 42.9 million hectares, of which 10.448 million hectares (24.3%) were occupied by transgenic varieties. It is significant that, from 2012 to the present, the area planted with transgenic rapeseed (canola) varieties has remained at 10–11&#xa0;million hectares. The cessation of growth and stabilization of this indicator in the early 2010s correlates with the emergence of a major body of data on the high invasive potential of GM varieties of this crop.</p>

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Invasive Potential of GM Rapeseed

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月11日

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  • A. G. Viktorov

摘要

Abstract

The review examines the nearly 30-year-long history of cultivating biotechnological varieties of oilseed rape (Brassica napus), sold under the brand name canola. Transgenic constructs conferring resistance to nonselective herbicides have enhanced the high invasive potential of rapeseed, giving GM varieties a selective advantage over common weeds. Volunteer populations of GM rapeseed have become a permanent trait of transport infrastructure in countries where rapeseed is grown, in countries where its seeds are imported, and in countries through which this transit occurs. Transgenes are transferred from GM rapeseed to related Brassica species. Weed populations have been discovered in which transgenic constructs for resistance to nonselective herbicides circulate. These populations eventually acquire resistance to other herbicides. For example, in Argentina, where GM rapeseed has never been grown, a population of transgenic B. rapa, resistant to five herbicides, is spreading widely. In 2024, the global rapeseed crop area (including canola) equaled 42.9 million hectares, of which 10.448 million hectares (24.3%) were occupied by transgenic varieties. It is significant that, from 2012 to the present, the area planted with transgenic rapeseed (canola) varieties has remained at 10–11 million hectares. The cessation of growth and stabilization of this indicator in the early 2010s correlates with the emergence of a major body of data on the high invasive potential of GM varieties of this crop.