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Abstract <p>In July–August 2023 we studied the aquatic vascular flora of the Ukok Plateau and the upper Chuya River valley (Republic of Altai, Russia). During our study we have found 44 species and 8 hybrids of aquatic plants for that area. Among 35 taxa of the Ukok Plateau 16 were new for it. Since the environmental conditions of the Ukok Plateau do not differ substantively from the upper Chuya River basin, the aquatic floras of both study areas are similar. At the same time, the aquatic flora of Ukok Plateau is expectedly poorer due to its harsher climate. We found four hybrids (<i>Potamogeton berchtoldii × P. gramineus</i>, <i>Ranunculus</i> <i>mongolicus</i> × <i>R. subrigidus</i>, <i>Sparganium glomeratum × S. hyperboreum</i>, <i>Utricularia macrorhiza × U. vulgaris</i>) new to the flora of Russia and extremely rare or even not reported on a world scale and two hybrids (<i>U</i>. <i>× neglecta</i>, <i>U</i>. <i>× ochroleuca</i>) new to the flora of Republic of Altai. High hybrid diversity is partly explained by the range overlap of species with different climate preferences due to the contact of nature zones in the region. The formation of the rarest hybrids is likely caused by breaking of the reproductive barriers due to unusually steep gradient of environmental factors from mild conditions of the Chuya River valley to harsh alpine habitats on its slopes. In particular, due to shortened growing season in a sharply continental climate, plants whose flowering periods are staggered in softer climates bloom simultaneously. The inventory of aquatic floras in similar landscapes of southern Siberia and Central Asia could help to find more hybrid zones, including other unexpected combinations of crossing species.</p>

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When Geographical and Ecological Barriers Are Broken: the Altai Mountains as an Important Area of Aquatic Plants Diversity and Hybridization

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月1日

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  • M. O. Ivanova,
  • P. A. Volkova,
  • V. A. Netsvetaev,
  • A. A. Bobrov

摘要

Abstract

In July–August 2023 we studied the aquatic vascular flora of the Ukok Plateau and the upper Chuya River valley (Republic of Altai, Russia). During our study we have found 44 species and 8 hybrids of aquatic plants for that area. Among 35 taxa of the Ukok Plateau 16 were new for it. Since the environmental conditions of the Ukok Plateau do not differ substantively from the upper Chuya River basin, the aquatic floras of both study areas are similar. At the same time, the aquatic flora of Ukok Plateau is expectedly poorer due to its harsher climate. We found four hybrids (Potamogeton berchtoldii × P. gramineus, Ranunculus mongolicus × R. subrigidus, Sparganium glomeratum × S. hyperboreum, Utricularia macrorhiza × U. vulgaris) new to the flora of Russia and extremely rare or even not reported on a world scale and two hybrids (U. × neglecta, U. × ochroleuca) new to the flora of Republic of Altai. High hybrid diversity is partly explained by the range overlap of species with different climate preferences due to the contact of nature zones in the region. The formation of the rarest hybrids is likely caused by breaking of the reproductive barriers due to unusually steep gradient of environmental factors from mild conditions of the Chuya River valley to harsh alpine habitats on its slopes. In particular, due to shortened growing season in a sharply continental climate, plants whose flowering periods are staggered in softer climates bloom simultaneously. The inventory of aquatic floras in similar landscapes of southern Siberia and Central Asia could help to find more hybrid zones, including other unexpected combinations of crossing species.