Abstract <p>The rise of accuracy of the numerical methods and the appearance of high-performance computing systems has led to the application of such technologies to industrial geo-engineering problems, which include seismic prospecting. This is especially relevant to the harsh environments of the Arctic region rich with natural resources but costly in development. Therefore, numerical modeling is an efficient method to study occurring wave processes during the seismic survey and to relate them to the ground inhomogeneities, which became the main goal of the current work. In order to do this, a series of complex computational domains with curvilinear boundaries between inner layers of the ground are created to encompass the basic features of the region. A mathematical model of an isotropic linear elastic medium was used, describing the dynamic process of its deformation. Its governing system of equations in partial derivatives of the first order is hyperbolic. It is supplemented by zero initial conditions and the necessary linear boundary conditions. The problems of onshore and offshore seismology are solved using the grid-characteristic method. To achieve a reasonable computational time, parallel algorithms and research software with the support of the Message Passing Interface were developed. The problems of seismic wave propagation in a geological medium containing inclusions of ice and methane hydrate in a permafrost layer are solved numerically. Wave patterns and seismograms obtained can be used to improve the interpretation of field measurements. The used approach can be further applied to the construction of digital models of the ground.</p>