<p>The spread of various types of addictions is an actual problem in society. In modern world, filled with various stressors, adults and especially teenagers often fall victim to substance abuse or other addictive behaviors. As a result, addictive patients develop symptoms such as: unmotivated aggression and psychosis associated with craving for drug use; in later stages - anhedonia, depression, suicide attempts, as well as a number of serious illnesses. Thus, the development of drug addiction can lead to irreversible consequences for the psychological and physical health of both addicted people and their environment. Despite differences in the factors affecting human psychics, such as substance abuse, gambling or video games, numerous experimental and clinical data show that the neurochemical mechanisms underlying the formation of various types of addictions are almost the same, primarily involving changes in the mesolimbic dopamine system. This review highlights the internal neurochemical mechanisms underlying the formation of various types of addictions and modern approaches to treatment.</p>