Abstract <p>Natural resources are an important part of the country’s national wealth. Therefore, their reproduction should be adequately reflected in economic models, including at the level of the national economy. The authors propose two approaches to constructing the block representing reproduction of natural resources in dynamic input-output models, focusing mainly on hydrocarbons. The article discusses the main approaches to assessing natural resource reserves based on the income principle. It presents the Russian classification of hydrocarbon reserves, which should be taken into account in further work on modeling the reproduction of natural resources. The main equations for constructing an autonomous block representing the reproduction of natural resources are provided. The specifics of incorporating this block into the dynamic input–output model of the Russian economy are shown. Including the block for the reproduction of natural resource reserves in the model in the proposed form will require revisiting the nomenclature of its sectors and the information base, singling out the corresponding extractive sectors, as well as the sector where geological exploration works are reflected (“Professional, scientific, and technical activities” according to OKVED2).</p>