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Abstract <p><b>Objective:</b> In this study, <i>Chryseobacterium gleum</i> was utilized for the biogenic synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and the subsequent evaluation of their antibacterial and antioxidant profiles. <b>Methods:</b> The synthesized ZnO NPs were comprehensively characterized <i>via</i> FT-IR spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, XRD, EDX spectroscopy, SEM, AFM, and DLS particle size analysis. Antibacterial efficacy was quantified using standard agar well diffusion and MIC assays. The antioxidant capacity was determined through DPPH, ABTS, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> scavenging, reducing power, and total antioxidant capacity assays, while biocompatibility was assessed <i>via</i> cytotoxicity testing. <b>Results and Discussion:</b> UV-Vis spectrophotometric analysis confirmed ZnO NP formation, exhibiting characteristic absorption maxima at 340 and 360 nm. FT-IR spectra verified the presence of functional capping groups and distinct Zn–O lattice vibrations. XRD patterns confirmed the highly crystalline nature of the nanoparticles, while EDX analysis validated their elemental composition as binary Zn and O. AFM topographic profiles revealed an average particle height of ~1.9 nm and a lateral width of ~42 nm, confirming their nanoscale dimensions. The biogenic ZnO NPs demonstrated potent, dose-dependent antibacterial activity, characterized by expanding zones of inhibition and robust microbial growth suppression. Furthermore, antioxidant assays revealed exceptional, concentration-dependent free-radical scavenging performance. <b>Conclusions:</b> Biogenically synthesized ZnO NPs derived from <i>C. gleum</i> exhibit superior antibacterial properties, particularly against <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i>, alongside notable DPPH radical scavenging capacity and excellent biocompatibility. These findings highlight the significant potential of these nanoarchitectures for biomedical and therapeutic applications.</p>

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Microbial Fabrication of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and Evaluation of Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月28日

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  • J. J. Wilson,
  • R. Ramaa,
  • R. Thangaraj,
  • S. Balaji,
  • Shunmugiah Mahendran,
  • T. Sivakumar,
  • P. Ponmanickam,
  • Baskar Venkidasamy,
  • Rekha Arcot,
  • Muthu Thiruvengadam

摘要

Abstract

Objective: In this study, Chryseobacterium gleum was utilized for the biogenic synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and the subsequent evaluation of their antibacterial and antioxidant profiles. Methods: The synthesized ZnO NPs were comprehensively characterized via FT-IR spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, XRD, EDX spectroscopy, SEM, AFM, and DLS particle size analysis. Antibacterial efficacy was quantified using standard agar well diffusion and MIC assays. The antioxidant capacity was determined through DPPH, ABTS, H2O2 scavenging, reducing power, and total antioxidant capacity assays, while biocompatibility was assessed via cytotoxicity testing. Results and Discussion: UV-Vis spectrophotometric analysis confirmed ZnO NP formation, exhibiting characteristic absorption maxima at 340 and 360 nm. FT-IR spectra verified the presence of functional capping groups and distinct Zn–O lattice vibrations. XRD patterns confirmed the highly crystalline nature of the nanoparticles, while EDX analysis validated their elemental composition as binary Zn and O. AFM topographic profiles revealed an average particle height of ~1.9 nm and a lateral width of ~42 nm, confirming their nanoscale dimensions. The biogenic ZnO NPs demonstrated potent, dose-dependent antibacterial activity, characterized by expanding zones of inhibition and robust microbial growth suppression. Furthermore, antioxidant assays revealed exceptional, concentration-dependent free-radical scavenging performance. Conclusions: Biogenically synthesized ZnO NPs derived from C. gleum exhibit superior antibacterial properties, particularly against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli, alongside notable DPPH radical scavenging capacity and excellent biocompatibility. These findings highlight the significant potential of these nanoarchitectures for biomedical and therapeutic applications.