Abstract <p>The concentrations of natural and anthropogenic radionuclides in the atmospheric air over the coal-fired brick activity at the locations of Dhamrai, Savar, and Ashulia in Dhaka, Bangladesh, were measured. High-resolution HPGe gamma-ray spectrometry was used for analyzing 18 particulate samples collected from this area. The identified radioisotopes were ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, ¹³⁷Cs, and ⁴⁰K. The measured activity concentrations of ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, and ⁴⁰K ranged from 0.016 ± 0.002 to 10.1 ± 2.2, from 0.006 ± 0.002 to 1.8 ± 1.6, and from 1.2 ± 0.06 to 2.4 ± 0.08 mBq/m³, respectively, with the average values of 3.0 ± 0.7, 0.63 ± 0.4, and 1.1 ± 0.04 mBq/m³, respectively. The activity concentrations of ²²⁶Ra and ²³²Th exceed the word average values in atmospheric air. Anthropogenic radiocesium (¹³⁷Cs) was identified in several air samples. The average activity concentration of ¹³⁷Cs was found to be 0.026 ± 0.003 mBq/m³. The order of the radionuclides present in the air particulate matter is ²²⁶Ra &gt; ²³²Th &gt; ⁴⁰K &gt; ¹³⁷Cs. The total annual effective inhalation dose due to natural radioisotopes was found to be 93 and 27 μSv/year for adults and infants, respectively, which was below the ICRP permissible limit of 2.4 mSv/year. The main contributor to the inhalation dosage in both adults and infants was ²³²Th.</p>