Abstract <p>This article proposes a new algorithm for measuring the texture characteristics of objects in images. The novelty of the algorithm lies in using pairs of images obtained in raking light and combining their Fourier spectra. The application of the developed algorithm is demonstrated in solving the problem of counting the threads of the woven bases of paintings from images. A computational experiment shows that the error in measuring the canvas density does not exceed 0.4 threads/cm. The accuracy of measuring the canvas density using different methods is compared. The proposed algorithm measures the characteristics of painting canvases with the texture distorted by pollution, ground penetration, or treatment with restoration materials, and is more accurate than the previously used algorithms. Using a new algorithm, the density of the canvases of seven paintings from the collection of the State Historical Museum is measured.</p>