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Abstract <p>This study investigates the thermal performance of soy wax phase change material (PCM) integral&#xa0;within M30-grade concrete sandwich blocks for passive cooling of building housings in hot-dry climates. A representative 500 × 500 × 100 mm specimen incorporating 40 mm concrete outer layers sandwiching&#xa0;a 20 mm soy wax core was overcome to 880 J total heat input (equivalent to <i>q</i> = 2.44 W/m<sup>2</sup> over 0.25 m<sup>2</sup> × 36 000 s) on the top surface. Transient 3D heat transfer was simulated in ANSYS Fluent v2025 R1 using the enthalpy-porosity method (<i>A</i><sub>mush</sub> = 10<sup>5</sup> kg/(m<sup>3</sup> s)), incorporating M30 concrete properties per IS&#xa0;10262:2009 (ρ = 2300 kg/m<sup>3</sup>, <i>k</i> = 1.37 W/(m K), <i>C</i><sub><i>p</i></sub> = 880 J/(kg K)) and soy wax attributions (Δ<i>H</i> = 182&#xa0;kJ/kg, <i>T</i><sub><i>m</i></sub> = 45–50°C, <i>k</i> = 0.22 W/(m K), ρ<sub>solid/liquid</sub> = 920/860 kg/m<sup>3</sup>). Outcomes demonstrate the PCM core absorbed 598 J (68%) as latent heat, achieving 38% peak bottom-surface temperature reduction (68°C → 42°C vs. plain concrete baseline), 55% heat flux damping (decrement factor DF = 0.45), and 25-min thermal time lag. Complete PCM melting (β = 0.992) nurtured near-isothermal buffering at 45–50°C for ~600 min, with global energy balance closure &lt;0.5% (<i>E</i><sub>latent</sub> + <i>E</i><sub>sensible</sub> + <i>E</i><sub>transmitted</sub> = 880 J).These decisions validate soy wax-M30 concrete sandwiches as a cost-effective (₹150–250/kg PCM), recyclable solution providing 6.9× greater energy density than concrete sensible storage, ideal for scalable diurnal solar heat administration in Indian building envelopes.</p>

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Numerical CFD Analysis of Soy Wax Encapsulated Concrete Sandwich Panel for Thermal Energy Storage

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月8日

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  • Amisha Singh,
  • Anjali Agrawal,
  • Mohd. Sharique Ahmad

摘要

Abstract

This study investigates the thermal performance of soy wax phase change material (PCM) integral within M30-grade concrete sandwich blocks for passive cooling of building housings in hot-dry climates. A representative 500 × 500 × 100 mm specimen incorporating 40 mm concrete outer layers sandwiching a 20 mm soy wax core was overcome to 880 J total heat input (equivalent to q = 2.44 W/m2 over 0.25 m2 × 36 000 s) on the top surface. Transient 3D heat transfer was simulated in ANSYS Fluent v2025 R1 using the enthalpy-porosity method (Amush = 105 kg/(m3 s)), incorporating M30 concrete properties per IS 10262:2009 (ρ = 2300 kg/m3, k = 1.37 W/(m K), Cp = 880 J/(kg K)) and soy wax attributions (ΔH = 182 kJ/kg, Tm = 45–50°C, k = 0.22 W/(m K), ρsolid/liquid = 920/860 kg/m3). Outcomes demonstrate the PCM core absorbed 598 J (68%) as latent heat, achieving 38% peak bottom-surface temperature reduction (68°C → 42°C vs. plain concrete baseline), 55% heat flux damping (decrement factor DF = 0.45), and 25-min thermal time lag. Complete PCM melting (β = 0.992) nurtured near-isothermal buffering at 45–50°C for ~600 min, with global energy balance closure <0.5% (Elatent + Esensible + Etransmitted = 880 J).These decisions validate soy wax-M30 concrete sandwiches as a cost-effective (₹150–250/kg PCM), recyclable solution providing 6.9× greater energy density than concrete sensible storage, ideal for scalable diurnal solar heat administration in Indian building envelopes.