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Abstract <p>The rising need for precise, sensitive, and energy-efficient biosensors highlights tunnel field effect transistors (TFETs) as an substitute to MOSFETs, offering enhanced performance for biomolecule detection. However, significant potential remains to further enhance TFET biosensor performance through optimized DC characteristics. This work investigates a novel Ge/graphene nanoribbon (GNR) TFET biosensor incorporating asymmetric dielectric modulation for biomolecule detection. The biosensor’s electrostatic response varies with biomolecule immobilization in the nano-cavity, enabling highly sensitive detection. Comprehensive analysis shows the proposed Ge/GNR TFET achieves an ON-current sensitivity of 3.76&#xa0;×&#xa0;10<sup>9</sup> for neutral biomolecules, outperforming existing FET/TFET biosensors. Furthermore, the sensitivity study shows higher ON current sensitivity values of 1.39 × 10<sup>9</sup> and 9.62 × 10<sup>8</sup> for positive and negatively charged biomolecules, respectively. The effect of biomolecule charge density and nonidealities on sensitivity is also examined, confirming the stability of the proposed design. Additionally, an evaluation of device linearity validates the Ge/GNR-TFET biosensor’s reliable performance across various biomolecule types. These results position the Ge/GNR-TFET biosensor as a viable option for next-generation, high-performance biosensing applications.</p>

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High-Sensitivity Biosensing Using Graphene Nanoribbon TFET with Dual-Metal Gates and Nano-Cavity Integration

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月1日

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  • Vedvrat,
  • Man Mohan Shukla,
  • Rajeev Kumar Sachan

摘要

Abstract

The rising need for precise, sensitive, and energy-efficient biosensors highlights tunnel field effect transistors (TFETs) as an substitute to MOSFETs, offering enhanced performance for biomolecule detection. However, significant potential remains to further enhance TFET biosensor performance through optimized DC characteristics. This work investigates a novel Ge/graphene nanoribbon (GNR) TFET biosensor incorporating asymmetric dielectric modulation for biomolecule detection. The biosensor’s electrostatic response varies with biomolecule immobilization in the nano-cavity, enabling highly sensitive detection. Comprehensive analysis shows the proposed Ge/GNR TFET achieves an ON-current sensitivity of 3.76 × 109 for neutral biomolecules, outperforming existing FET/TFET biosensors. Furthermore, the sensitivity study shows higher ON current sensitivity values of 1.39 × 109 and 9.62 × 108 for positive and negatively charged biomolecules, respectively. The effect of biomolecule charge density and nonidealities on sensitivity is also examined, confirming the stability of the proposed design. Additionally, an evaluation of device linearity validates the Ge/GNR-TFET biosensor’s reliable performance across various biomolecule types. These results position the Ge/GNR-TFET biosensor as a viable option for next-generation, high-performance biosensing applications.