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<p>Based on the hot-wire method for studying the fluctuations of compressible flows, the issues of determining the acoustic characteristics of the flow in the test sections of wind tunnels at transonic and supersonic speeds are considered. It is shown that for supersonic flows, in addition to the Mach waves described by Kovasznay, generated by stationary sources of disturbances on the walls of the test sections, and Mach waves generating the most intense fluctuations, distributed and moving in a supersonic turbulent boundary, described by Laufer, there may be Mach waves, the sources of which are sounds, as well as a turbulent boundary layer. Using the hot-wire approach, it is possible to determine the characteristics of each type of these waves and their source. It is also established that simple sound waves can be produced by the turbulent boundary layer and penetrate into the leading part from sources launched in the prechamber of the wind tunnel to the critical section of a Laval nozzle. In high-subsonic-speed wind tunnels, acoustic disturbances are produced from sound waves identified by intensity, direction and spectral composition using developed methods of thermal anemometry. The characteristics of acoustic disturbances (intensity, direction, location of sources) determined using the hot-wire method allow them to be purposefully preserved or reduced, or their influence on phenomena under investigation can be taken into account. The article was prepared based on the materials of the report at the 10th Russian conference “Computational Experiment in Aeroacoustics and Aerodynamics,” held September 16–21, 2024, in Svetlogorsk, Kaliningrad region (<a href="http://ceaa.imamod.ru/">http://ceaa.imamod.ru/</a>).</p>

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Features of Background Acoustic Disturbances in High-Speed Wind Tunnels

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月1日

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  • V. A. Lebiga,
  • D. S. Mironov,
  • A. Yu. Pak

摘要

Based on the hot-wire method for studying the fluctuations of compressible flows, the issues of determining the acoustic characteristics of the flow in the test sections of wind tunnels at transonic and supersonic speeds are considered. It is shown that for supersonic flows, in addition to the Mach waves described by Kovasznay, generated by stationary sources of disturbances on the walls of the test sections, and Mach waves generating the most intense fluctuations, distributed and moving in a supersonic turbulent boundary, described by Laufer, there may be Mach waves, the sources of which are sounds, as well as a turbulent boundary layer. Using the hot-wire approach, it is possible to determine the characteristics of each type of these waves and their source. It is also established that simple sound waves can be produced by the turbulent boundary layer and penetrate into the leading part from sources launched in the prechamber of the wind tunnel to the critical section of a Laval nozzle. In high-subsonic-speed wind tunnels, acoustic disturbances are produced from sound waves identified by intensity, direction and spectral composition using developed methods of thermal anemometry. The characteristics of acoustic disturbances (intensity, direction, location of sources) determined using the hot-wire method allow them to be purposefully preserved or reduced, or their influence on phenomena under investigation can be taken into account. The article was prepared based on the materials of the report at the 10th Russian conference “Computational Experiment in Aeroacoustics and Aerodynamics,” held September 16–21, 2024, in Svetlogorsk, Kaliningrad region (http://ceaa.imamod.ru/).