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<p>The purpose of this work was to determine the number of morphs and their ratio in the population of <i>Dikerogammarus villosus</i> from the Kuban River, as well as to establish color indicators and the total number of hemocytes in each morph. Amphipods were caught in 2023 and 2024 in the vicinity of the city of Krasnodar at the confluence of Lake Staraya Kuban with the Kuban River. The analysis of color indicators was carried out using Adobe Photoshop (CIELab) and GIMP software. The total number of hemocytes was determined after the acclimation of individuals to laboratory conditions, which lasted for three days. In the Kuban River, <i>D. villosus</i> was found to be characterized by four types of pigment distribution: spotted or patterned (S) and homogeneous—melanin (M), with dorsal stripes (B), and amber pigmentation (А). Using this classification, we identified four morphs. In the morphs with dorsal stripes we identified two submorphs: B1 with wide pigment stripes along the entire pereonand and B2 with thin pigment stripes. The ratio (%) of morphs was as follows: B—72.1, S—16.0, M—7.7, A—3.3, and T—0.9. There were no differences in color indices between the morphs, but statistically significant differences were found between morph M and the other morphs in color brightness, the melanin morph being 1.5 times darker if compared with morphs B and S (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.005). The total number of <i>D. villosus</i> hemocytes widely ranged from 2480 to 9020 cells/µL, averaging 4858 ± 1684 cells/µL. No correlations between the size of individuals and the number of hemocytes were found (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). Also, there were no differences in the number of hemocytes between males and females (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). Hematological variations between the five morphs were not statistically significant either (<i>p</i> = 0.36). Thus, the ratio of amphipod morphs of the <i>D. villosus</i> species from the plain part of the lower reaches of the Kuban River was first determined. The data on the color indices of morphs and the total number of hemocytes of this species are presented.</p>

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Pigmentation Polymorphism of Dikerogammarus villosus (Amphipoda, Crustacea) from the Kuban River, Caucasus

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月18日

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  • D. N. Skafar,
  • N. N. Givlyud

摘要

The purpose of this work was to determine the number of morphs and their ratio in the population of Dikerogammarus villosus from the Kuban River, as well as to establish color indicators and the total number of hemocytes in each morph. Amphipods were caught in 2023 and 2024 in the vicinity of the city of Krasnodar at the confluence of Lake Staraya Kuban with the Kuban River. The analysis of color indicators was carried out using Adobe Photoshop (CIELab) and GIMP software. The total number of hemocytes was determined after the acclimation of individuals to laboratory conditions, which lasted for three days. In the Kuban River, D. villosus was found to be characterized by four types of pigment distribution: spotted or patterned (S) and homogeneous—melanin (M), with dorsal stripes (B), and amber pigmentation (А). Using this classification, we identified four morphs. In the morphs with dorsal stripes we identified two submorphs: B1 with wide pigment stripes along the entire pereonand and B2 with thin pigment stripes. The ratio (%) of morphs was as follows: B—72.1, S—16.0, M—7.7, A—3.3, and T—0.9. There were no differences in color indices between the morphs, but statistically significant differences were found between morph M and the other morphs in color brightness, the melanin morph being 1.5 times darker if compared with morphs B and S (p < 0.005). The total number of D. villosus hemocytes widely ranged from 2480 to 9020 cells/µL, averaging 4858 ± 1684 cells/µL. No correlations between the size of individuals and the number of hemocytes were found (p > 0.05). Also, there were no differences in the number of hemocytes between males and females (p > 0.05). Hematological variations between the five morphs were not statistically significant either (p = 0.36). Thus, the ratio of amphipod morphs of the D. villosus species from the plain part of the lower reaches of the Kuban River was first determined. The data on the color indices of morphs and the total number of hemocytes of this species are presented.