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Abstract <p>Environmental changes significantly impact wetland biodiversity and functioning. This study examined fish functional diversity across eighteen perennial floodplain wetlands in Assam’s Brahmaputra floodplains—one of India’s richest fish diversity regions. Seasonal variations and the influence of environmental and habitat factors on fish functional diversity were analysed using seven traits related to feeding, habitat use, and mobility. Generalised Additive Models (GAMs) were employed to examine the relationships between functional diversity indices and environmental and habitat factors. The results indicated that seasonal changes affect both species richness and functional divergence of the fish community. In the dry season, dissolved oxygen and free carbon dioxide were strongly linked to functional diversity, while in the wet season, free carbon dioxide and pH showed significant effects. These findings highlight the importance of water quality and seasonal hydrological cycles in shaping fish functional diversity. The study also underscores that functional traits offer deeper insight into ecosystem health than species richness alone.</p>

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Season and Environmental Factors Contribute to the Variation in Functional Diversity of Freshwater Fish Communities in Floodplain Wetlands of Assam, Northeast India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月1日

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  • Violina Hazarika,
  • Puja Bishaya,
  • Narayan Sharma

摘要

Abstract

Environmental changes significantly impact wetland biodiversity and functioning. This study examined fish functional diversity across eighteen perennial floodplain wetlands in Assam’s Brahmaputra floodplains—one of India’s richest fish diversity regions. Seasonal variations and the influence of environmental and habitat factors on fish functional diversity were analysed using seven traits related to feeding, habitat use, and mobility. Generalised Additive Models (GAMs) were employed to examine the relationships between functional diversity indices and environmental and habitat factors. The results indicated that seasonal changes affect both species richness and functional divergence of the fish community. In the dry season, dissolved oxygen and free carbon dioxide were strongly linked to functional diversity, while in the wet season, free carbon dioxide and pH showed significant effects. These findings highlight the importance of water quality and seasonal hydrological cycles in shaping fish functional diversity. The study also underscores that functional traits offer deeper insight into ecosystem health than species richness alone.