Abstract Potential interactions between cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and chlorpheniramine maleate (CPM) drug were explored in aqueous as well as aqueous K-salts (KCl, KHSO4, and K2CO3) media by using the conductivity measurement technique. Single critical micelle concentration (CMC) was determined during the association of CTAB/CPM mixtures in aqueous and aqueous K-salts media. The values of CMC showed an increasing trend with the rise in experimental temperatures from 298.15 to 323.15 K. CMC of CTAB in aqueous CPM drug solution decreased compared to those observed in pure CTAB aqueous medium. The values of CMC determined in all CTAB/CPM mixtures with different K-salt media exhibited a decreasing trend in comparison to those obtained from the aqueous CTAB/CPM mixtures. Micelles formation was found to occur at lower amphiphile concentrations in the presence of various K-salts media. The standard free energy changes (<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Delta G_{{\text{m}}}^{0}\)</EquationSource>  </InlineEquation>) were negative, suggesting the spontaneous aggregation of the components present within the CTAB/CPM mixtures. Assessment of standard enthalpy changes (<InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Delta H_{{\text{m}}}^{0}\)</EquationSource>  </InlineEquation>) and entropy changes (<InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Delta S_{{\text{m}}}^{0}\)</EquationSource>  </InlineEquation>) revealed the electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions between CTAB and CPM species in different potassium salts media. Various other significant thermodynamic parameters, including transfer properties (<InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Delta G_{{{\text{m}},{\text{tr}}}}^{0}\)</EquationSource>  </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Delta H_{{{\text{m}},{\text{tr}}}}^{0}\)</EquationSource>  </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Delta S_{{{\text{m}},{\text{tr}}}}^{0}\)</EquationSource>  </InlineEquation>), molar heat capacity (<InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Delta C_{{{\text{m}},{\text{p}}}}^{0}\)</EquationSource>  </InlineEquation>), intrinsic enthalpy gain (<InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Delta H_{{\text{m}}}^{{0,*}}\)</EquationSource>  </InlineEquation>) and compensation temperature (Tc) were examined and evaluated for the CTAB/CPM mixtures in different experimental media, and the results were interpreted accordingly. These interesting results provide significant information on the surfactant-drug interactions in different potassium salts media, which will be highly useful for future research in developing the formulation procedures of various drugs and related pharmaceutical excipients.

Assessment of the Effects of Potassium Salts and Temperature on the Assembly Nature of Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide in the Presence of Chlorpheniramine Maleate Drug

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发表日期：

2026年6月2日

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Md. Rafikul Islam,
Md. Rehan Alam,
Md. Eanur Rahman,
Malik Abdul Rub,
Khalid A. Alzahrani,
Md. Anamul Hoque

摘要

Abstract

Potential interactions between cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and chlorpheniramine maleate (CPM) drug were explored in aqueous as well as aqueous K-salts (KCl, KHSO₄, and K₂CO₃) media by using the conductivity measurement technique. Single critical micelle concentration (CMC) was determined during the association of CTAB/CPM mixtures in aqueous and aqueous K-salts media. The values of CMC showed an increasing trend with the rise in experimental temperatures from 298.15 to 323.15 K. CMC of CTAB in aqueous CPM drug solution decreased compared to those observed in pure CTAB aqueous medium. The values of CMC determined in all CTAB/CPM mixtures with different K-salt media exhibited a decreasing trend in comparison to those obtained from the aqueous CTAB/CPM mixtures. Micelles formation was found to occur at lower amphiphile concentrations in the presence of various K-salts media. The standard free energy changes ( \(\Delta G_{{\text{m}}}^{0}\) ) were negative, suggesting the spontaneous aggregation of the components present within the CTAB/CPM mixtures. Assessment of standard enthalpy changes ( \(\Delta H_{{\text{m}}}^{0}\) ) and entropy changes ( \(\Delta S_{{\text{m}}}^{0}\) ) revealed the electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions between CTAB and CPM species in different potassium salts media. Various other significant thermodynamic parameters, including transfer properties ( \(\Delta G_{{{\text{m}},{\text{tr}}}}^{0}\) , \(\Delta H_{{{\text{m}},{\text{tr}}}}^{0}\) , \(\Delta S_{{{\text{m}},{\text{tr}}}}^{0}\) ), molar heat capacity ( \(\Delta C_{{{\text{m}},{\text{p}}}}^{0}\) ), intrinsic enthalpy gain ( \(\Delta H_{{\text{m}}}^{{0,*}}\) ) and compensation temperature (T_c) were examined and evaluated for the CTAB/CPM mixtures in different experimental media, and the results were interpreted accordingly. These interesting results provide significant information on the surfactant-drug interactions in different potassium salts media, which will be highly useful for future research in developing the formulation procedures of various drugs and related pharmaceutical excipients.