Abstract <p>The tribotechnical properties of alcohol–water lubricating compositions are investigated. The use of alcohol–water lubricating oils represents a promising direction for enhancing environmental friendliness and improving reliability in mechanical engineering. The tribotechnical properties of the lubricating compositions were studied, including friction coefficients, changes in the width of the friction track, changes in the wear spot area, and the dependence of temperature increase over time. The research results show that aqueous lubricating compositions can provide acceptable tribotechnical parameters comparable to those of traditional petroleum-based lubricants, confirming their competitiveness in the market. Thus, the main focus of this study reflects important aspects of combining the efficiency of lubricating materials with environmental safety and stimulates further scientific research and practical developments in this field.</p>