Abstract <p>The relevance and significance of the concept of digital twins in the field of mechanical engineering, as well as their impact on production processes, are discussed. The goals and objectives of the study are defined, including the analysis of the conceptual apparatus, the use of digital twins at various stages of the product life cycle, and the assessment of their advantages and disadvantages. Phenomenological models of material damage management, their classification, and examples of successful application in real situations are examined. The requirements for the creation of a digital twin format are set out, including its structure and main components. Particular attention is paid to damage management issues and possible approaches to their solution, as well as to the assessment of the effectiveness of the proposed solutions. The conclusion highlights the importance of integrating digital technologies and provides recommendations for the implementation of digital twins aimed at increasing production efficiency, reducing costs, and improving product quality. Prospects for further research in this area include the development of analysis algorithms, the introduction of artificial intelligence, and the creation of digital model standards.</p>