Anomalous Development of Coccolithophores in the Black Sea in 2022 According to the Remote Sensing Data
摘要
The anomalous development of coccolithophores in the Black Sea in 2022 was studied based on the analysis of satellite data from the SeaWiFS, MODIS-Aqua, and MODIS-Terra color scanners. The 2022 summer bloom developed mainly in the Rim Current with maximum concentrations of more than 10 million cells/L, in the eastern periphery of the sea. As in the earlier cases of 2006, 2012, and 2017 blooms, the massive development of coccolithophores in 2022 was preceded by a negative anomaly in winter temperature. At the same time, the bloom timing shifted significantly, having begun in June and lasted until August. In 2022, a large-scale winter bloom was observed in the Black Sea after an abnormal summer one. This rare phenomenon was indicative of an increased expansion of coccolithophores. Possible causes led to disruption of the seasonal development cycle of coccolithophores, related to the climatic changes in hydrometeorological factors, were discussed.