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Abstract <p>Aliphatic hydrocarbons (AHCs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analyzed in the suspended particulate matter (SPM) of surface waters and in the surficial layer of bottom sediments in the Volga Delta, at the sites of the Astrakhan Biosphere Reserve, in May 2024. Concentrations of SPM and AHCs in water were relatively low (averaging 4.08 mg/L and 25 μg/L, respectively) despite the high-discharge conditions of the Volga spring flood period. The high percentage of AHCs in the total lipid fraction (averaging 61.9%), the smooth distribution of alkanes, and their biomarker ratios (CPI &lt; 1, Pr/Ph &lt; 1) may indicate the influence of petrogenic hydrocarbons. PAH concentrations in SPM ranged from 3 to 349 ng/L, averaging 189&#xa0;ng/L. The pyrolytic PAHs, especially in the Gandurinsky channel (an average of 275 ng/L), presumably originated from atmospheric precipitation. Natural hydrocarbons dominated in sandy bottom sediments, which contained 9–29 μg/g AHCs and 0–151 ng/g PAHs. The aquatic vegetation of the Volga delta serves as an effective geochemical barrier that traps hydrophobic anthropogenic compounds barring their transport with river waters to the Caspian Sea.</p>

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Concentrations and Composition of Hydrocarbons at the Volga Mouth during 2024 Spring Flood

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月1日

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  • I. A. Nemirovskaya,
  • E. V. Ostrovskaya,
  • P. O. Zavialov

摘要

Abstract

Aliphatic hydrocarbons (AHCs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analyzed in the suspended particulate matter (SPM) of surface waters and in the surficial layer of bottom sediments in the Volga Delta, at the sites of the Astrakhan Biosphere Reserve, in May 2024. Concentrations of SPM and AHCs in water were relatively low (averaging 4.08 mg/L and 25 μg/L, respectively) despite the high-discharge conditions of the Volga spring flood period. The high percentage of AHCs in the total lipid fraction (averaging 61.9%), the smooth distribution of alkanes, and their biomarker ratios (CPI < 1, Pr/Ph < 1) may indicate the influence of petrogenic hydrocarbons. PAH concentrations in SPM ranged from 3 to 349 ng/L, averaging 189 ng/L. The pyrolytic PAHs, especially in the Gandurinsky channel (an average of 275 ng/L), presumably originated from atmospheric precipitation. Natural hydrocarbons dominated in sandy bottom sediments, which contained 9–29 μg/g AHCs and 0–151 ng/g PAHs. The aquatic vegetation of the Volga delta serves as an effective geochemical barrier that traps hydrophobic anthropogenic compounds barring their transport with river waters to the Caspian Sea.