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Abstract <p>Assigning a quantum of angular momentum <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\hbar \)</EquationSource> <!--SurfInv2570179Popov-m1--> </InlineEquation> to a two-particle system results in a halving of the calculated value of the magnetic flux quantum. The measured value of the magnetic flux quantum turned out to be half the size of F. London’s quantum. Since then, it has been believed that the magnetic flux quantum is created exclusively by Cooper pairs and that it is half the size of F. London’s quantum. The aim of the study is to rethink these circumstances. The geometric shape of the electron is unknown. However, it is believed that it is neither a ball nor a sphere. This follows from the formula for its classical radius. The complete uncertainty of the electron shape allows its spin to be consistently represented as the angular momentum generated by a material point with the mass of an electron rotating in a circle of an indefinite radius (arbitrarily small, and its value is irrelevant). This approach may have drawbacks, but it also has a significant advantage in the form of the ability to use a ready-made formula for the magnetic flux created by the “current” of a single electron. In reality, there is a quantum of F. London, a quantum of magnetic flux caused by the electron spin, and their superposition (quasi-quantum). It (quasi-quantum) was measured in 1961.</p>

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Orbital and Spin Quanta of Magnetic Flux

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月1日

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  • I. P. Popov

摘要

Abstract

Assigning a quantum of angular momentum \(\hbar \) to a two-particle system results in a halving of the calculated value of the magnetic flux quantum. The measured value of the magnetic flux quantum turned out to be half the size of F. London’s quantum. Since then, it has been believed that the magnetic flux quantum is created exclusively by Cooper pairs and that it is half the size of F. London’s quantum. The aim of the study is to rethink these circumstances. The geometric shape of the electron is unknown. However, it is believed that it is neither a ball nor a sphere. This follows from the formula for its classical radius. The complete uncertainty of the electron shape allows its spin to be consistently represented as the angular momentum generated by a material point with the mass of an electron rotating in a circle of an indefinite radius (arbitrarily small, and its value is irrelevant). This approach may have drawbacks, but it also has a significant advantage in the form of the ability to use a ready-made formula for the magnetic flux created by the “current” of a single electron. In reality, there is a quantum of F. London, a quantum of magnetic flux caused by the electron spin, and their superposition (quasi-quantum). It (quasi-quantum) was measured in 1961.