On Clustering in Real Cottrell Nanosegregations in Metallic Materials
摘要
By analyzing some known data of 3D atomic force microscopy for metallic materials and a number of other theoretical and experimental results, including data on the dislocation dissolution of cementite in pearlitic and martensitic steels, clustering in real Cottrell atmospheres (nanosegregations) is considered and their characteristics, including the number of impurity atoms per dislocation of atomic length, are determined, which differ significantly from those corresponding to classical theoretical models. In particular, Cottrell boron nanosegregations on edge dislocations in an ordered intermetallic compound FeAl containing 40 at % Al and 0.04 at % B, as well as Cottrell carbon nanosegregations on screw dislocations in martensitic steel, are examined. The presence of Fe3B- and Fe3C-type clustering in such nanosegregations, which is not taken into account in the framework of the classical models of Cottrell atmospheres (clouds), is shown. It is shown that in metallic materials (FeAl–B, Fe–C, Al–Fe, Pd–H) in real atmospheres (nanosegregations) on dislocations a certain clustering takes place (including the formation of boride-like, carbide-like, intermetallic-like, and hydride-like structures), which differs from that of the classical theoretical models of Cottrell atmospheres. In particular, the methodology for determining the impurity diffusion coefficient in the areas of nanosegregations on dislocations in metallic materials is considered using Pd–H, Al–Fe, and Fe–C systems as an example.