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Abstract <p>In urban environments, drought and dust stress can substantially decrease the ecological benefits provided by turfgrass. Here, we examined the photosynthetic responses of three cool-season turfgrass species, <i>Lolium perenne</i>, <i>Festuca elata</i>, and <i>Poa pratensis</i>, commonly used in urban greening under drought and dust stress across six planting configurations, including monocultures and mixed-species plots. Mixed stands were established at ratios of 2&#xa0;:&#xa0;3&#xa0;:&#xa0;5, 2&#xa0;:&#xa0;6&#xa0;:&#xa0;2, and 2&#xa0;:&#xa0;2&#xa0;:&#xa0;6. Overall, drought caused more pronounced deterioration in turfgrass visual quality than dust. Both stresses inhibited photosynthesis, as evidenced by decreases in net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and intercellular CO<sub>2</sub> concentration, along with increased non-photochemical quenching. Principal component analysis further showed that drought had a stronger suppressive effect on photosynthesis than dust, with responses differing markedly among planting configurations. Based on an integrated assessment using the membership function method, the 2&#xa0;:&#xa0;6&#xa0;:&#xa0;2 mixture showed the least photosynthetic inhibition under drought stress, whereas the 2&#xa0;:&#xa0;3&#xa0;:&#xa0;5 mixture performed best under dust stress. Together, these results provide practical guidance for optimizing species composition and improving stress management in urban turfgrass systems.</p>

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Effects of Drought and Dust Stress on Photosynthesis in Turfgrass under Different Planting Configurations

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月29日

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  • B. Liu,
  • J. Wang,
  • Y. Li,
  • H. Li,
  • Y. Zhang,
  • X. Guo

摘要

Abstract

In urban environments, drought and dust stress can substantially decrease the ecological benefits provided by turfgrass. Here, we examined the photosynthetic responses of three cool-season turfgrass species, Lolium perenne, Festuca elata, and Poa pratensis, commonly used in urban greening under drought and dust stress across six planting configurations, including monocultures and mixed-species plots. Mixed stands were established at ratios of 2 : 3 : 5, 2 : 6 : 2, and 2 : 2 : 6. Overall, drought caused more pronounced deterioration in turfgrass visual quality than dust. Both stresses inhibited photosynthesis, as evidenced by decreases in net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and intercellular CO2 concentration, along with increased non-photochemical quenching. Principal component analysis further showed that drought had a stronger suppressive effect on photosynthesis than dust, with responses differing markedly among planting configurations. Based on an integrated assessment using the membership function method, the 2 : 6 : 2 mixture showed the least photosynthetic inhibition under drought stress, whereas the 2 : 3 : 5 mixture performed best under dust stress. Together, these results provide practical guidance for optimizing species composition and improving stress management in urban turfgrass systems.