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Abstract <p>Chickpea (<i>Cicer arietinum</i> L.) is vastly susceptible for both abiotic and biotic stresses that often occur together in the field. Drought and Fusarium wilt are especially harmful, causing major yield losses of Chickpea. In vitro, drought stress is simulated using polyethylene glycol (PEG-8000) to create osmotic stress. <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>ciceris</i> (<i>Foc</i>), the pathogen behind wilt disease, causes yield reductions of up to 50% or total crop failure. This study aimed to assess the effects of PEG8000-induced drought stress and <i>Fusarium</i> infection individually and in combination on root morphology, osmolyte levels, and antioxidant enzyme activity in two chickpea cultivars, JG-14 and RVG-202. Additionally, 300 mg/L of gibberellic acid (GA<sub>3</sub>), 1&#xa0;mM of salicylic acid (SA) is used to mitigate these stresses was evaluated. GA<sub>3</sub>, in particular, improves water status and boosts antioxidant enzyme activity, while SA modulates various physiological responses to abiotic stress. Under increasing PEG concentrations (−0.03, −0.06, and −0.15 MPa) and <i>Fusarium</i> infection, declines were observed in root/stem length, dry/fresh weight and relative water content (RWC). However, GA<sub>3</sub> treatment improved these parameters, with mean increases of 20% (stem length), 18% (root length), 37% (fresh weight), 8.5% (dry weight), and 0.24% (RWC). Antioxidant enzyme (superoxide dismutase, catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), polyphenol oxidase) activities were elevated under stress, and GA<sub>3</sub> further enhanced their levels, particularly CAT (0.26-fold), APX (0.20-fold), and GPX (0.23-fold). These results indicate that GA<sub>3</sub> enhances defense responses for <i>Fusarium</i> stress and drought tolerance in chickpea.</p>

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Enhancing Chickpea Resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris Infection and PEG-Induced Drought Stress through Exogenous Phytohormone Application

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月2日

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  • V. Srivashtav,
  • S. Kumar,
  • A. Singh,
  • R. Kumar

摘要

Abstract

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is vastly susceptible for both abiotic and biotic stresses that often occur together in the field. Drought and Fusarium wilt are especially harmful, causing major yield losses of Chickpea. In vitro, drought stress is simulated using polyethylene glycol (PEG-8000) to create osmotic stress. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris (Foc), the pathogen behind wilt disease, causes yield reductions of up to 50% or total crop failure. This study aimed to assess the effects of PEG8000-induced drought stress and Fusarium infection individually and in combination on root morphology, osmolyte levels, and antioxidant enzyme activity in two chickpea cultivars, JG-14 and RVG-202. Additionally, 300 mg/L of gibberellic acid (GA3), 1 mM of salicylic acid (SA) is used to mitigate these stresses was evaluated. GA3, in particular, improves water status and boosts antioxidant enzyme activity, while SA modulates various physiological responses to abiotic stress. Under increasing PEG concentrations (−0.03, −0.06, and −0.15 MPa) and Fusarium infection, declines were observed in root/stem length, dry/fresh weight and relative water content (RWC). However, GA3 treatment improved these parameters, with mean increases of 20% (stem length), 18% (root length), 37% (fresh weight), 8.5% (dry weight), and 0.24% (RWC). Antioxidant enzyme (superoxide dismutase, catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), polyphenol oxidase) activities were elevated under stress, and GA3 further enhanced their levels, particularly CAT (0.26-fold), APX (0.20-fold), and GPX (0.23-fold). These results indicate that GA3 enhances defense responses for Fusarium stress and drought tolerance in chickpea.