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Abstract <p><i>Fritillaria taipaiensis</i> P.Y.Li is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine with high medicinal value, which is in great demand. There are few data on its growth and development, especially bulb development. The bulbs of 3-year-old <i>F. taipaiensis</i> were focused on their developmental process through morphoanatomy and transcriptomics. Based on their morpho-anatomical characteristics, the developmental periods of <i>F. taipaiensis</i> were classified. The results indicated that <i>F. taipaiensis</i> completes flower bud morphogenesis during the development of 3-year-old bulbs. The classification of these plants based on their morphological characteristics could divide into five stages. After undergoing dormancy in the summer, <i>F. taipaiensis</i> progresses to the petal primordial differentiation stage. During this period, the bulb continues to develop roots and the internal buds enlarge. As temperatures decrease, the plant enters winter dormancy during which its growth rate slows down. Once winter dormancy ends, the buds eventually approached or surpassed the bulbs. Three developmental periods were chosen based on morpho-anatomical findings, and bulbs were sampled at the corresponding times. Following this, we conducted transcriptome sequencing and analyzed nutrient content. The transcriptome results revealed that a significant number of DEGs were enriched to protein-related items. These DEGs are primarily involved in carbohydrate metabolic pathways, including carbon metabolism, sucrose and starch metabolism. Nutrient content measurements indicated that soluble proteins were gradually depleted during the bulb morphogenesis process, leading to a decrease in their overall content. Conversely, sucrose and soluble sugars accumulated during bulb development, initially serving as an energy supply before later providing protection against low temperatures. Additionally, starch reserves were utilized for growth during the bulb emergence stage. This study is helpful to the cultivation and breeding of <i>F. taipaiensis</i>.</p>

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Morphoanatomy and Transcriptomics Revealed the Bulb Development Process of Fritillaria taipaiensis P.Y.Li

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月17日

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  • Long Chen,
  • Xianglei Duan,
  • Xin Wen,
  • Juan Xie,
  • Guangzhi Wang

摘要

Abstract

Fritillaria taipaiensis P.Y.Li is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine with high medicinal value, which is in great demand. There are few data on its growth and development, especially bulb development. The bulbs of 3-year-old F. taipaiensis were focused on their developmental process through morphoanatomy and transcriptomics. Based on their morpho-anatomical characteristics, the developmental periods of F. taipaiensis were classified. The results indicated that F. taipaiensis completes flower bud morphogenesis during the development of 3-year-old bulbs. The classification of these plants based on their morphological characteristics could divide into five stages. After undergoing dormancy in the summer, F. taipaiensis progresses to the petal primordial differentiation stage. During this period, the bulb continues to develop roots and the internal buds enlarge. As temperatures decrease, the plant enters winter dormancy during which its growth rate slows down. Once winter dormancy ends, the buds eventually approached or surpassed the bulbs. Three developmental periods were chosen based on morpho-anatomical findings, and bulbs were sampled at the corresponding times. Following this, we conducted transcriptome sequencing and analyzed nutrient content. The transcriptome results revealed that a significant number of DEGs were enriched to protein-related items. These DEGs are primarily involved in carbohydrate metabolic pathways, including carbon metabolism, sucrose and starch metabolism. Nutrient content measurements indicated that soluble proteins were gradually depleted during the bulb morphogenesis process, leading to a decrease in their overall content. Conversely, sucrose and soluble sugars accumulated during bulb development, initially serving as an energy supply before later providing protection against low temperatures. Additionally, starch reserves were utilized for growth during the bulb emergence stage. This study is helpful to the cultivation and breeding of F. taipaiensis.