Abstract <p><i>Styrax japonicus</i> is a small tree or shrub with flowers of great ornamental value. This experiment was conducted to study the metabolites of <i>S. japonicus</i> petals in two colors to improve their value of ornamental and economic. Two kinds of petals were sampled at the pre-bloom stage (S1), the full-bloom stage (S2), and the post-peak stage (S3), respectively. Extensive non-targeted metabolomic assays were performed on the petals using LC-MS. A total of 552 distinct metabolites were found. Additionally, the relative contents of organooxygen compounds, carboxylic acids and derivatives, and fatty acyls in each developmental stage of both petals were the top 3. Notably, a high relative content of kaempferol-3-<i>O</i>-rutinoside was found in each developmental stage of both petals. The differential metabolites of the two types of petals varied considerably at different developmental stages. A portion of the differential metabolites in the S1 was enriched for amino acid and protein synthesis, while a portion of the differential metabolites in the S2 and S3 were enriched for aromatic compound degradation. Furthermore, compared to white flowers, pink flowers might have more metabolic activity. At the same time, in all developmental stages, there is an enrichment of some differential metabolites into the phenylpropanoid synthesis pathway.</p>