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Abstract <p>Foxtail millet a relatively drought tolerant crop, grown in arid and semi-arid regions. Climate change scenarios especially drought and elevated temperature can result in yield loss to a greater extent. Heat and drought stress at critical growth stages can affect the growth and productivity of foxtail millet. Therefore, twenty-four foxtail millet genotypes and/or checks were screened for drought and high temperature stress tolerance. RWC, <i>F</i><sub>v</sub>/<i>F</i><sub>m</sub> ratio and grain yield were employed to cluster the genotypes into highly tolerant, tolerant, moderately susceptible and susceptible category. From this cluster two contrasting genotypes (a highly tolerant, ISe-15 and susceptible ISe-254) along with the check ATL 1 were selected and subjected to individual and combined drought and high temperature stress treatments to further understand the mechanism of tolerance. The results revealed that the tolerant genotype ISe-15 maintained higher stomatal frequency (196.22 number/mm<sup>2</sup>) and lower stomatal area (181.70 µm<sup>2</sup>). In addition, higher ABA (5.4 ppb) and lower&#xa0;GA (3.84 ppb) was quantified in the tolerant genotype under combined stress. Metabolic profiles revealed that the higher proportion of phenols, carbohydrates and benzoic and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives in tolerant genotype provided stress tolerance by scavenging or inhibiting the reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation. The seed nutrient content <i>viz.</i>, phosphorous (P), calcium (Ca), iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) were not much affected when exposed to combined stress except for P and Ca. The tolerant genotype ISe-15 maintained better yield under stress condition due to stomatal morphology, higher ABA, phenols and carbohydrates.</p>

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Stomatal Traits, Hormone and Metabolite Profiles Governing Drought and High Temperature Stress Tolerance in Foxtail Millet

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月1日

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  • S. Gowsiga,
  • D. Vijayalakshmi,
  • J. Deepika,
  • P. Arunkumar,
  • R. Sivakumar

摘要

Abstract

Foxtail millet a relatively drought tolerant crop, grown in arid and semi-arid regions. Climate change scenarios especially drought and elevated temperature can result in yield loss to a greater extent. Heat and drought stress at critical growth stages can affect the growth and productivity of foxtail millet. Therefore, twenty-four foxtail millet genotypes and/or checks were screened for drought and high temperature stress tolerance. RWC, Fv/Fm ratio and grain yield were employed to cluster the genotypes into highly tolerant, tolerant, moderately susceptible and susceptible category. From this cluster two contrasting genotypes (a highly tolerant, ISe-15 and susceptible ISe-254) along with the check ATL 1 were selected and subjected to individual and combined drought and high temperature stress treatments to further understand the mechanism of tolerance. The results revealed that the tolerant genotype ISe-15 maintained higher stomatal frequency (196.22 number/mm2) and lower stomatal area (181.70 µm2). In addition, higher ABA (5.4 ppb) and lower GA (3.84 ppb) was quantified in the tolerant genotype under combined stress. Metabolic profiles revealed that the higher proportion of phenols, carbohydrates and benzoic and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives in tolerant genotype provided stress tolerance by scavenging or inhibiting the reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation. The seed nutrient content viz., phosphorous (P), calcium (Ca), iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) were not much affected when exposed to combined stress except for P and Ca. The tolerant genotype ISe-15 maintained better yield under stress condition due to stomatal morphology, higher ABA, phenols and carbohydrates.