Abstract <p>The evolution of the climate policy of the BRICS countries at the level of strategies, declarations, and other documents regulating the interaction of the participating countries is examined. The contradictions, fraught with environmental conflicts, between global climate protection interests and national economic priorities are analyzed. The external and internal problems that BRICS faces in addressing climate change challenges are classified: the impact of sanctions policy, differences in national approaches to considering greenhouse gas emissions and setting targets, and others. The need for a coordinated climate policy has been identified considering the unique natural and socioeconomic conditions of the BRICS countries. In conclusion, the importance of legal integration and international cooperation for successfully addressing climate challenges and achieving carbon neutrality is emphasized.</p>