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Abstract <p>The objective of the article is to assess the economic consequences of the mass transfer of personnel from the mechanical engineering enterprises of the Middle and Southern Urals at the turn of the 1940s–1950s to the system of the Soviet atomic project. It has been established that the recruitment of personnel was mainly carried out by the regional committees of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) according to the Central Committee’s quotas. The peak of this recruitment occurred in 1948–1950, when more than 1400&#xa0;people were mobilized from the mechanical engineering industries of the Middle and Southern Urals. At the same time, the statistics of industrial indicators of the enterprises of Sverdlovsk and Chelyabinsk oblasts are analyzed. Two cases of a decline in mechanical engineering production in the two oblasts are traced in 1945–1946 and 1948–1950. The first case is a result of postwar reconversion, and the second is associated with the implementation of the atomic project in the Soviet Union. In conclusion, the question is raised about the consequences of the atomic project for the mining industry and the social security sphere in the two oblasts.</p>

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Economic Consequences of the Functioning of the USSR Nuclear Industry Enterprises for the Mechanical Engineering of the Southern and Middle Urals in the 1940s–1950s

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月1日

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  • M. V. Mikheev,
  • A. E. Bedel’

摘要

Abstract

The objective of the article is to assess the economic consequences of the mass transfer of personnel from the mechanical engineering enterprises of the Middle and Southern Urals at the turn of the 1940s–1950s to the system of the Soviet atomic project. It has been established that the recruitment of personnel was mainly carried out by the regional committees of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) according to the Central Committee’s quotas. The peak of this recruitment occurred in 1948–1950, when more than 1400 people were mobilized from the mechanical engineering industries of the Middle and Southern Urals. At the same time, the statistics of industrial indicators of the enterprises of Sverdlovsk and Chelyabinsk oblasts are analyzed. Two cases of a decline in mechanical engineering production in the two oblasts are traced in 1945–1946 and 1948–1950. The first case is a result of postwar reconversion, and the second is associated with the implementation of the atomic project in the Soviet Union. In conclusion, the question is raised about the consequences of the atomic project for the mining industry and the social security sphere in the two oblasts.