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Abstract <p>The aim of the work is to study the effect of diluting gases (nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and steam) and oxygen on the combustion of liquid fuel atomized with superheated steam. Main attention is paid to optimizing the combustion process environmental and power performance characteristics. Experiments were carried out using a laboratory burner with fuel atomized by means of steam into a preliminary gas generation chamber, in which atomized fuel is mixed with blast of various compositions. Operating conditions with addition of diluting agents at room temperature and with heating them to 250°C, as well as cases with the use of oxygen-enriched blasting, were studied. The study results have shown that the temperature of supplied gases plays the key role in the combustion process: in admitting cold dilution agents, the flame temperature decreased by 150–200°C, and the chemical reactions slowed down, whereas when heated gases were admitted, the high flame temperature remained unchanged. With increasing the oxygen fraction, a growth of temperature was observed. It has been determined that the ingress of cold diluting agents in the fuel entailed a more efficient reduction of NO<sub><i>x</i></sub> and CO emissions in comparison with the operating conditions with admission of a heated mixture. At the same time, the admission of heated gases resulted in lower emissions under the operating conditions with oxygen enrichment. Injection of steam resulted in a lower production of NO<sub><i>x</i></sub>, but it entailed higher CO emissions and caused the combustion to become unstable. By using the method proposed in the article, it is possible to reduce the NO<sub><i>x</i></sub> emissions (up to 50%), which is commensurable with this indicator in the case of conventional recirculation of flue gases, but with a lower fraction of them (5–10% against 20–30%). This makes the technology involving steam-assisted atomization and controlled dilution of fuel a promising option for use in the power industry and metallurgy, sectors in which high energy efficiency and environmental safety are of importance.</p>

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Energy and Environmental Combustion Efficiency of Steam-Atomized Liquid Fuel with Controlled Blast Dilution

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月1日

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  • E. Yu. Shadrin,
  • I. S. Sadkin,
  • E. P. Kop’ev

摘要

Abstract

The aim of the work is to study the effect of diluting gases (nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and steam) and oxygen on the combustion of liquid fuel atomized with superheated steam. Main attention is paid to optimizing the combustion process environmental and power performance characteristics. Experiments were carried out using a laboratory burner with fuel atomized by means of steam into a preliminary gas generation chamber, in which atomized fuel is mixed with blast of various compositions. Operating conditions with addition of diluting agents at room temperature and with heating them to 250°C, as well as cases with the use of oxygen-enriched blasting, were studied. The study results have shown that the temperature of supplied gases plays the key role in the combustion process: in admitting cold dilution agents, the flame temperature decreased by 150–200°C, and the chemical reactions slowed down, whereas when heated gases were admitted, the high flame temperature remained unchanged. With increasing the oxygen fraction, a growth of temperature was observed. It has been determined that the ingress of cold diluting agents in the fuel entailed a more efficient reduction of NOx and CO emissions in comparison with the operating conditions with admission of a heated mixture. At the same time, the admission of heated gases resulted in lower emissions under the operating conditions with oxygen enrichment. Injection of steam resulted in a lower production of NOx, but it entailed higher CO emissions and caused the combustion to become unstable. By using the method proposed in the article, it is possible to reduce the NOx emissions (up to 50%), which is commensurable with this indicator in the case of conventional recirculation of flue gases, but with a lower fraction of them (5–10% against 20–30%). This makes the technology involving steam-assisted atomization and controlled dilution of fuel a promising option for use in the power industry and metallurgy, sectors in which high energy efficiency and environmental safety are of importance.