Fabrication of Foam Steel by Laser Melting Deposition: Micrometer-Sized, Uniformly Distributed Holes Formed by Introducing Foaming Agent
摘要
This paper describes the fabrication of foam steel by laser melting deposition (LMD). LMD is a highly flexible additive manufacturing technology that can produce a wide range of complex-shaped parts. In this experiment, we combined 316L powder with Cr2N. With the increasing Cr2N content, the number of pores decreased from 521 to 412, the porosity increased from 7.25 to 15%, and the pore size distribution became more regular. The metal matrix microhardness values of the foamed steel alloys were in the range of 330–360 HV, which were significantly higher than those of the 316L deposited samples. The compressive stress-strain curves show that the addition of Cr2N is conducive to increasing the yield strength of the foam steel deposition samples, the pressure to produce permanent plastic deformation becomes larger, and the energy absorption efficiency is improved. The nanoindentation experiments showed that the addition of Cr2N could increase the nano-hardness and elastic modulus of the foam steel. Compared with pure 316L, the nanohardness and elastic modulus increased from 3.87 and 147 GPa to 5.65 and 190 GPa, when 20 wt % Cr2N was added.