Abstract <p>Population aging is becoming an increasingly large-scale andsignificant global challenge. Aging is accompanied by a growingprevalence of a constellation of cardiovascular diseases, amongwhich coronary heart disease, atrial fibrillation, and ventricular tachyarrhythmiashold leading positions. Myocardial aging is associated with a numberof diverse mechanisms, including the accumulation of senescent cells andremodeling of the extracellular matrix at the tissue level, as wellas mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired autophagy, oxidative stress,and DNA damage at the cellular level. This review provides a comprehensiveanalysis of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying theaging of the myocardium and the cardiovascular system as a whole.A special focus is on the processes of cellular senescence, theformation of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP),structural and functional alterations in cardiovascular system cellsthat precede the development of age-related cardiac diseases, aswell as promising methods of overcoming aging.</p>