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Abstract <p>The study was aimed to investigate the distribution of endoneurium-residentmacrophages and neutrophils in the rat sciatic nerve in the earlystages after injury and subperineurial administration of mesenchymalstem cells (MSCs) suspension. To elucidate the response of residentmacrophages and neutrophils to mechanical injury to peripheral nerves,a ligation (for 40 s)-induced experimental model of rat sciaticnerve injury was used, followed by MSCs therapy. Endoneurial macrophageswere identified by immunohistochemical staining for the calcium-bindingprotein Iba-1, a marker of mononuclear phagocytes. Neutrophils werestudied on preparations stained with hematoxylin-eosin and toluidine blue.It was found that activation of endoneurium-resident macrophagesin the rat sciatic nerve occurs as early as 1 h after injury, severalhours before neutrophils migrate into the endoneurium from blood vessels.This indicates that resident macrophages are the first to respondto nerve injury, stimulating the development of Wallerian degeneration.Subperineurial transplantation of MSCs downregulates resident macrophagesand reduces neutrophil counts migrating into the endoneurium ofthe injured nerve. Possible reasons behind these findings are discussed.</p>

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Response of Endoneurium-Resident Macrophages and Neutrophils to Sciatic Nerve Injury and Mesenchymal Cell Transplantation in Rats

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月1日

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  • E. S. Petrova,
  • E. A. Kolos

摘要

Abstract

The study was aimed to investigate the distribution of endoneurium-residentmacrophages and neutrophils in the rat sciatic nerve in the earlystages after injury and subperineurial administration of mesenchymalstem cells (MSCs) suspension. To elucidate the response of residentmacrophages and neutrophils to mechanical injury to peripheral nerves,a ligation (for 40 s)-induced experimental model of rat sciaticnerve injury was used, followed by MSCs therapy. Endoneurial macrophageswere identified by immunohistochemical staining for the calcium-bindingprotein Iba-1, a marker of mononuclear phagocytes. Neutrophils werestudied on preparations stained with hematoxylin-eosin and toluidine blue.It was found that activation of endoneurium-resident macrophagesin the rat sciatic nerve occurs as early as 1 h after injury, severalhours before neutrophils migrate into the endoneurium from blood vessels.This indicates that resident macrophages are the first to respondto nerve injury, stimulating the development of Wallerian degeneration.Subperineurial transplantation of MSCs downregulates resident macrophagesand reduces neutrophil counts migrating into the endoneurium ofthe injured nerve. Possible reasons behind these findings are discussed.