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Abstract <p>The study evaluated the effect of a <i>Vitis vinifera</i> L. grape stem extract (GSE, obtained from the smallerwoody parts of a grape cluster separated from berries) enrichedwith a polyphenolic complex on ethanol elimination from the bodyand alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH)activities in the liver of rats under conditions of chronic alcoholintoxication. In the resulting extract, the total polyphenol contentwas 53.12 ± 1.25 mg GA/g (Gallic Acid mg-equivalents) dry weight,and flavonoids—8.02 ± 2.6 mg Q/g (Quercetin mg-equivalents) dryweight. Added to a 15% ethanol solution, 5% GSE caused a reductionin ethanol consumption by the animals, under conditions of bothfree-access and forced ethanol consumption. A comparative analysisof the ethanol pharmacokinetic parameters in the blood of rats showedthat GSE supplementation leads to a decrease in ethanol eliminationfrom the body, as evidenced by an increase in its half-life (T<sub>1/2</sub>)and a reduction in its elimination rate constant (K<sub>el</sub>).It was established that the polyphenolic complex, contained in the plant-derivedextract, plays a significant role in ethanol metabolism, affectingthe enzymes involved in its oxidation. GSE action leads to an increasein hepatic ADH reductase activity, which helps prevent the accumulationof highly toxic acetaldehyde in the organism. This fact is confirmedby a decrease in hepatic ALDH activity in rats, with both low andhigh Michaelis constants. The polyphenolic complex isolated fromthe grape cluster stems may become an effective means for protectingthe organism against the toxic effects of high doses of ethanol.</p>

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Polyphenols from Vitis vinifera L. Grape Stems Regulate Alcohol Metabolism and Reduce Its Toxic Effects in Rats

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月1日

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  • S. E. Fomenko,
  • N. F. Kushnerova,
  • V. G. Sprygin

摘要

Abstract

The study evaluated the effect of a Vitis vinifera L. grape stem extract (GSE, obtained from the smallerwoody parts of a grape cluster separated from berries) enrichedwith a polyphenolic complex on ethanol elimination from the bodyand alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH)activities in the liver of rats under conditions of chronic alcoholintoxication. In the resulting extract, the total polyphenol contentwas 53.12 ± 1.25 mg GA/g (Gallic Acid mg-equivalents) dry weight,and flavonoids—8.02 ± 2.6 mg Q/g (Quercetin mg-equivalents) dryweight. Added to a 15% ethanol solution, 5% GSE caused a reductionin ethanol consumption by the animals, under conditions of bothfree-access and forced ethanol consumption. A comparative analysisof the ethanol pharmacokinetic parameters in the blood of rats showedthat GSE supplementation leads to a decrease in ethanol eliminationfrom the body, as evidenced by an increase in its half-life (T1/2)and a reduction in its elimination rate constant (Kel).It was established that the polyphenolic complex, contained in the plant-derivedextract, plays a significant role in ethanol metabolism, affectingthe enzymes involved in its oxidation. GSE action leads to an increasein hepatic ADH reductase activity, which helps prevent the accumulationof highly toxic acetaldehyde in the organism. This fact is confirmedby a decrease in hepatic ALDH activity in rats, with both low andhigh Michaelis constants. The polyphenolic complex isolated fromthe grape cluster stems may become an effective means for protectingthe organism against the toxic effects of high doses of ethanol.