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<p>Nanosized materials are widely used in biomedical nanotechnologies, but the mechanisms of toxic effects of metal and nonmetal nanoclusters remain unclear. The aim of this work is to evaluate the size characteristics and mechanisms of toxic action of silver, selenium and cobalt nanoparticles at the level of isolated mitochondria. Using the laser ablation method, silver (rounded, ~10–20 and ~50 nm), cobalt (cubic and prismatic, ~100–200 nm) and selenium (spherical, ~20–30 and 135–180 nm) nanoparticles with different spectral characteristics and capable of forming conglomerates were obtained. Silver, cobalt, and selenium nanoparticles (0.1–10 μg/mL) effectively inhibited the respiratory activity of isolated rat liver mitochondria by disrupting the coupling of oxidation and phosphorylation, which was accompanied by a drop in the mitochondrial membrane potential. The uncoupling effect of nanoparticles may be associated with the transfer of electrons from the electron transport chain of mitochondria to the positively charged surface of nanoparticles and depends on the size and material of the nanoparticles.</p>

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Size Characteristics and Mechanisms of Toxic Action of Selenium, Cobalt and Silver Nanoparticles on Mitochondria of the Liver of Rats

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月1日

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  • S. S. Anufrick,
  • A. I. Savko,
  • S. N. Anuchin,
  • T. A. Kovalenya,
  • T. V. Ilyich,
  • T. K. Krupskaya,
  • E. A. Lapshina,
  • I. B. Zavodnik

摘要

Nanosized materials are widely used in biomedical nanotechnologies, but the mechanisms of toxic effects of metal and nonmetal nanoclusters remain unclear. The aim of this work is to evaluate the size characteristics and mechanisms of toxic action of silver, selenium and cobalt nanoparticles at the level of isolated mitochondria. Using the laser ablation method, silver (rounded, ~10–20 and ~50 nm), cobalt (cubic and prismatic, ~100–200 nm) and selenium (spherical, ~20–30 and 135–180 nm) nanoparticles with different spectral characteristics and capable of forming conglomerates were obtained. Silver, cobalt, and selenium nanoparticles (0.1–10 μg/mL) effectively inhibited the respiratory activity of isolated rat liver mitochondria by disrupting the coupling of oxidation and phosphorylation, which was accompanied by a drop in the mitochondrial membrane potential. The uncoupling effect of nanoparticles may be associated with the transfer of electrons from the electron transport chain of mitochondria to the positively charged surface of nanoparticles and depends on the size and material of the nanoparticles.