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Abstract— <p>Factors determining plant resistance to abiotic stress include many stress defense systems. The most significant of them are the antioxidant and chaperone systems. However, the mechanisms of interaction between these systems have not been sufficiently studied. In this work, we have studied the effect of heat stress on the activity levels of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase; SOD and catalase; CAT) and the levels of heat shock proteins (cytoplasmic HSP70 and chloroplast HSP70B) in the leaves of pumpkin seedlings of three genotypes (<i>Cucurbita moschata, C. pepo, C. maxima</i>) differing in their resistance to environmental stress. It was shown that under heat stress, the levels of CAT activity increased in all the studied genotypes. After heat stress, a noticeable drop (48.9%) in the level of CuZn-SOD activity was shown in <i>C. moschata</i>, compared to the increase in the enzyme activity by (2–14.6%) in other two genotypes. The levels of cytoplasmic HSP70 and chloroplast HSP70B proteins decreased by 36 and 34%, respectively, in <i>C. moschata</i> plant cells after heat stress. In contrast, the level of cytoplasmic heat shock proteins HSP70 increased in <i>C. pepo</i> and <i>C. maxima</i> genotypes by 20% and 18%, respectively; in the case of chloroplast HSP70B proteins, the increase was 43 and 10%. It was found that the modulation of the activity levels of CuZn-SOD (the main representative of the enzyme in the cell) and the levels of cytoplasmic HSP70 and chloroplast HSP70B chaperones in <i>Cucurbitaceae</i> genotypes is coordinated, indicating the interaction of these two cellular defense systems under heat stress. Thus, HSP70, HSP70B levels and CuZn-SOD activity levels are reliable early warning signals of heat stress, allowing the stress to be detected before it causes serious damage to the plant.</p>

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Modulation of Antioxidant Enzyme Activity Levels and Chaperone Levels in Different Cucurbitaceae Genotypes under Heat Stress

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月1日

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  • N. P. Yurina,
  • N. D. Murtazina

摘要

Abstract—

Factors determining plant resistance to abiotic stress include many stress defense systems. The most significant of them are the antioxidant and chaperone systems. However, the mechanisms of interaction between these systems have not been sufficiently studied. In this work, we have studied the effect of heat stress on the activity levels of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase; SOD and catalase; CAT) and the levels of heat shock proteins (cytoplasmic HSP70 and chloroplast HSP70B) in the leaves of pumpkin seedlings of three genotypes (Cucurbita moschata, C. pepo, C. maxima) differing in their resistance to environmental stress. It was shown that under heat stress, the levels of CAT activity increased in all the studied genotypes. After heat stress, a noticeable drop (48.9%) in the level of CuZn-SOD activity was shown in C. moschata, compared to the increase in the enzyme activity by (2–14.6%) in other two genotypes. The levels of cytoplasmic HSP70 and chloroplast HSP70B proteins decreased by 36 and 34%, respectively, in C. moschata plant cells after heat stress. In contrast, the level of cytoplasmic heat shock proteins HSP70 increased in C. pepo and C. maxima genotypes by 20% and 18%, respectively; in the case of chloroplast HSP70B proteins, the increase was 43 and 10%. It was found that the modulation of the activity levels of CuZn-SOD (the main representative of the enzyme in the cell) and the levels of cytoplasmic HSP70 and chloroplast HSP70B chaperones in Cucurbitaceae genotypes is coordinated, indicating the interaction of these two cellular defense systems under heat stress. Thus, HSP70, HSP70B levels and CuZn-SOD activity levels are reliable early warning signals of heat stress, allowing the stress to be detected before it causes serious damage to the plant.