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<p>Global value chains (GVCs) significantly influence environmental outcomes, yet their impact on the natural environment remains insufficiently understood. We introduce a typology that links environmental upgrading and downgrading within the GVC with the condition of the natural environment (ranging from less degraded to more degraded) to explain four distinct GVC impacts on the natural environment. Building on this foundation, we develop a conceptual model that applies instrument choice theory to identify appropriate policy tools and objectives. This model generates propositions linking the four GVC impacts to tool types (authoritative, financial, informational, and organizational) and policy outcomes. The framework offers actionable guidance for policymakers and contributes to international business theory on GVC environmental impact.</p>

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Reconceptualizing global value chain impact on the natural environment: a framework for integrating context, upgrading, and downgrading with policy implications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月7日

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  • A. Erin Bass,
  • Maoliang Bu,
  • Michael A. Sartor

摘要

Global value chains (GVCs) significantly influence environmental outcomes, yet their impact on the natural environment remains insufficiently understood. We introduce a typology that links environmental upgrading and downgrading within the GVC with the condition of the natural environment (ranging from less degraded to more degraded) to explain four distinct GVC impacts on the natural environment. Building on this foundation, we develop a conceptual model that applies instrument choice theory to identify appropriate policy tools and objectives. This model generates propositions linking the four GVC impacts to tool types (authoritative, financial, informational, and organizational) and policy outcomes. The framework offers actionable guidance for policymakers and contributes to international business theory on GVC environmental impact.