New perspectives on the morphological evolution of bronze Ding in pre-Qin China through large-scale images analysis
摘要
The bronze Ding, as the core material carrier of the ritual system in the pre-Qin period (1600–221 BCE), has long lacked a clear explanation of its morphological evolution. Traditional research paradigms face limitations in systematically revealing spatiotemporal evolution patterns and underlying driving factors. This paper introduces the innovative OE2S (Ontology Engineering and Semantic Segmentation) method, integrating ontology engineering and image semantic segmentation techniques, to extract characteristics and vectorize 2716 images of bronze Dings that were obtained from two publications. Our study categorizes the morphological evolution into 32 evolutionary groups. During this process, the neck underwent the most frequent changes, followed by changes in the belly, bottom, legs, and lid. Two key evolutionary peaks were identified: the late Shang to early Western Zhou period (1200–1000 BCE) and the early Spring and Autumn period (770–476 BCE). A significant positive correlation was observed between the duration of a morphological type and its spread, with Henan province and Shaanxi province emerging as major dissemination centers. By incorporating AI-driven quantitative analysis, this research presents a complementary approach to archeological studies in the digital age, offers a scalable technological paradigm, and illuminates the potential correlations between morphological evolution and socio-political changes.