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<p>Balancing ecosystem conservation and sustainable development remains a fundamental governance challenge in policy-intensive and ecologically sensitive regions. As a convergence zone of red cultural heritage, poverty-alleviation policies, and a critical ecological barrier in southern China, the old revolutionary areas in Jiangxi, Fujian, and Guangdong (JFG-ROBAs) provide a policy-relevant case for examining interactions between ecosystem services (ESs) and sustainable development (SD) under strong administrative intervention and uneven regional development. This study aims to clarify the scale-conditional and service-specific coupling mechanisms between ESs and SD in JFG-ROBAs and to derive implications for trajectory-aware sustainability governance. Using data from 2001 to 2022, we conduct a comparative analysis between the province-wide city context (41 cities, grouped by province) and the policy-area (JFG-ROBAs) city scale (17 cities). Sustainable development is assessed through an entropy-weighted multi-dimensional indicator system, while four ecosystem services—Habitat quality (HQ), Carbon storage (CS), Soil retention (SR), and Water yield (WY)—are quantified using the InVEST model. Interactions between sustainable development and ecosystem services (SDESs) are examined using coupling coordination degree (CCD) analysis and spatiotemporal correlation tests. The results indicate that ecosystem services in JFG-ROBAs have undergone systematic deterioration over time. Habitat quality continues to decline, carbon storage recovery is volatile, and both soil retention and water yield decrease markedly after historical peaks. Across all dimensions of sustainable development, the policy-area (JFG-ROBAs) city scale consistently lags behind the province-wide city context, with the largest gap observed in Sustainability acceleration, reflecting persistent constraints in education and employment capacity. Interprovincial comparisons further reveal pronounced structural disparities, indicating that strong development performance at the provincial level does not necessarily translate into equivalent progress within designated policy areas. More importantly, spatiotemporal SDES analyses reveal a distinct “statistical synergy–substantive conflict” pattern. While cross-sectional correlations suggest weak positive alignment or apparent coordination between ecosystem services and sustainable development, longitudinal trajectories demonstrate cumulative ecological degradation accompanying development expansion. This divergence indicates that static coordination assessments can mask long-term ecological costs embedded in development pathways. These findings underscore the necessity of trajectory-aware and service-specific governance strategies that move beyond static coordination metrics, offering transferable insights for managing sustainability trade-offs in ecologically constrained, policy-driven regions.</p>

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Coupling mechanisms between ecosystem services and sustainable development in old revolutionary base areas of Jiangxi, Fujian, and Guangdong, China

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月28日

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  • Caiyun Ni,
  • Tong Li

摘要

Balancing ecosystem conservation and sustainable development remains a fundamental governance challenge in policy-intensive and ecologically sensitive regions. As a convergence zone of red cultural heritage, poverty-alleviation policies, and a critical ecological barrier in southern China, the old revolutionary areas in Jiangxi, Fujian, and Guangdong (JFG-ROBAs) provide a policy-relevant case for examining interactions between ecosystem services (ESs) and sustainable development (SD) under strong administrative intervention and uneven regional development. This study aims to clarify the scale-conditional and service-specific coupling mechanisms between ESs and SD in JFG-ROBAs and to derive implications for trajectory-aware sustainability governance. Using data from 2001 to 2022, we conduct a comparative analysis between the province-wide city context (41 cities, grouped by province) and the policy-area (JFG-ROBAs) city scale (17 cities). Sustainable development is assessed through an entropy-weighted multi-dimensional indicator system, while four ecosystem services—Habitat quality (HQ), Carbon storage (CS), Soil retention (SR), and Water yield (WY)—are quantified using the InVEST model. Interactions between sustainable development and ecosystem services (SDESs) are examined using coupling coordination degree (CCD) analysis and spatiotemporal correlation tests. The results indicate that ecosystem services in JFG-ROBAs have undergone systematic deterioration over time. Habitat quality continues to decline, carbon storage recovery is volatile, and both soil retention and water yield decrease markedly after historical peaks. Across all dimensions of sustainable development, the policy-area (JFG-ROBAs) city scale consistently lags behind the province-wide city context, with the largest gap observed in Sustainability acceleration, reflecting persistent constraints in education and employment capacity. Interprovincial comparisons further reveal pronounced structural disparities, indicating that strong development performance at the provincial level does not necessarily translate into equivalent progress within designated policy areas. More importantly, spatiotemporal SDES analyses reveal a distinct “statistical synergy–substantive conflict” pattern. While cross-sectional correlations suggest weak positive alignment or apparent coordination between ecosystem services and sustainable development, longitudinal trajectories demonstrate cumulative ecological degradation accompanying development expansion. This divergence indicates that static coordination assessments can mask long-term ecological costs embedded in development pathways. These findings underscore the necessity of trajectory-aware and service-specific governance strategies that move beyond static coordination metrics, offering transferable insights for managing sustainability trade-offs in ecologically constrained, policy-driven regions.