<p>The study examined the impacts of mining-induced displacement and resettlement on households using the Livelihoods Framework model. The Livelihoods Framework model was selected following an appraisal of displacement models based on the most recent, influential, and prominent models. These models include the Moffat and Zhang, Esteves People-Centered Framework, the Livelihood Framework, Cernea’s Impoverishment Risks and Reconstruction model, Sen’s Entitlement Theory and Capability Approach, and the International Financial Corporation. To conduct the research, semi-structured in-depth interviews were administered to mining-displaced members of the Magula community in South Africa, professionals from the mining company, and officials of the state and municipality. Given this, the research is qualitative, and it employed the DocTool for coding and thematic analysis of the interview transcripts. The analysis revealed a gap in the regulatory framework and policies among the key stakeholders, including the mining company, host communities, and municipal officials assigned to the mining project. The effects of these are grounded in a sustained and frequently irreversible depletion of households’ assets and means of living in the displaced community. It further resulted in the loss of ancestral lands and the erosion of delicate social capital and identity amongst displaced members of the affected community. The study observed that these precipitated an outcome of depression, which was observed as a likely link to the poor resilience, adaptive strategies, and health risks of members of the displaced community. The study recommends a bottom-up, transparent, and inclusive approach that reflects local nuances in designing and implementing resettlement programmes for successful displacement outcomes.</p>

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A livelihood-framework assessment of mining-induced displacement and resettlement on households at Magula community, South Africa

  • Bontle Bostander,
  • Amira Osman,
  • Olugbenga Fashuyi,
  • Catherine Coni

摘要

The study examined the impacts of mining-induced displacement and resettlement on households using the Livelihoods Framework model. The Livelihoods Framework model was selected following an appraisal of displacement models based on the most recent, influential, and prominent models. These models include the Moffat and Zhang, Esteves People-Centered Framework, the Livelihood Framework, Cernea’s Impoverishment Risks and Reconstruction model, Sen’s Entitlement Theory and Capability Approach, and the International Financial Corporation. To conduct the research, semi-structured in-depth interviews were administered to mining-displaced members of the Magula community in South Africa, professionals from the mining company, and officials of the state and municipality. Given this, the research is qualitative, and it employed the DocTool for coding and thematic analysis of the interview transcripts. The analysis revealed a gap in the regulatory framework and policies among the key stakeholders, including the mining company, host communities, and municipal officials assigned to the mining project. The effects of these are grounded in a sustained and frequently irreversible depletion of households’ assets and means of living in the displaced community. It further resulted in the loss of ancestral lands and the erosion of delicate social capital and identity amongst displaced members of the affected community. The study observed that these precipitated an outcome of depression, which was observed as a likely link to the poor resilience, adaptive strategies, and health risks of members of the displaced community. The study recommends a bottom-up, transparent, and inclusive approach that reflects local nuances in designing and implementing resettlement programmes for successful displacement outcomes.