<p>In the context of high-quality development of inclusive finance, the farmer entrepreneurship is important for rural economic development. This paper bases on the survey data, establishes a framework for evaluating financial resilience through three dimensions and examines the influence of financial resilience on farmers’ entrepreneurial decision-making. Results show that financial resilience can significantly improve farmers’ entrepreneurial decision-making, increase risk-taking capacity and social capital as mechanisms, and the risk-taking mediation effect is greater. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that gender can make a difference in entrepreneurial decisions. Moreover, the effect is more pronounced in male decision-makers. In order to increase women’s economic independence, women’s entrepreneurial enthusiasm should be enhanced. The study offers new insights for enhancing entrepreneurial activity in rural areas and provides a fresh perspective on supporting women’s development.</p>