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<p>This article studies the barriers to the adoption of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) among Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). 11 barriers are identified to ICT adoption from the extant literature and collected data from nine SME owners. Detailed analysis of barriers helped to develop the Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM) framework and to categorize those barriers using <i>“Matrice d’impacts Croises multiplication appliquee a un classment” (</i>MICMAC) analysis. The results of the study show that there are seven different levels in the ISM model, where barrier B1 (Cultural Barrier) at the topmost levDel in the model signifies being highly dependent, while barrier B11 (Lack of visionary leadership) at the bottom signifies the key driving factor. This study establishes a contextual relationship between barriers. This study adds to the present literature related to barriers to ICT adoption in SMEs in developing nations and proposes a model to overcome these barriers.</p>

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Exploring adoption barriers of ICT in SMEs using an ISM-MICMAC approach

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月4日

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  • Arti Chandani,
  • Reena Agrawal,
  • Prashant Ubarhande,
  • Kumod Kumar,
  • Khalid H. M. Alhamzi

摘要

This article studies the barriers to the adoption of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) among Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). 11 barriers are identified to ICT adoption from the extant literature and collected data from nine SME owners. Detailed analysis of barriers helped to develop the Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM) framework and to categorize those barriers using “Matrice d’impacts Croises multiplication appliquee a un classment” (MICMAC) analysis. The results of the study show that there are seven different levels in the ISM model, where barrier B1 (Cultural Barrier) at the topmost levDel in the model signifies being highly dependent, while barrier B11 (Lack of visionary leadership) at the bottom signifies the key driving factor. This study establishes a contextual relationship between barriers. This study adds to the present literature related to barriers to ICT adoption in SMEs in developing nations and proposes a model to overcome these barriers.