<p>The aim of this study is twofold. First, we investigate the mediating role of trust in principals in the relationship between organizational justice and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Second, we examine the moderating effect of self-efficacy between organizational justice and OCB as well as between trust in principals and OCB. A total of 467 teachers participated voluntarily in this survey. Partial least square structural equation modeling was employed to analyze the proposed research model and hypotheses. Based on the results, we discovered that trust in principals significantly mediates the relationship between organizational justice and OCB. Besides, the relationship between trust in principals and OCB is more pronounced among teachers with higher self-efficacy. Conversely, the impact of organizational justice on OCB is more significant among teachers with lower self-efficacy. These key findings have several implications for both practical applications and theoretical considerations, providing valuable insights for stakeholders.</p>