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<p>The COVID-19 pandemic exposed systemic fragilities in global agri-food supply chains (AFSCs), spurring a rapid but uneven digital transformation. This review critically examines the tension between the promise of digital technologies for enhancing resilience and sustainability and their risks of exacerbating inequity. Introducing the “sustainability paradox” framework, it analyzes the environmental and social trade-offs inherent in technological solutions. The analysis reveals divergent digitalization pathways: a capital-intensive, automation-focused model in the global north versus a mobile-centric, platform-based model in the global south. It is argued that the primary bottleneck to a just transition is institutional, not technological. A sustainable digital future for agriculture, therefore, depends on developing equitable, context-aware governance to ensure the benefits of the “digital harvest” are shared by all, moving beyond simplistic techno-optimism.</p>

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The Digital Harvest: A Critical Review of Technology, Sustainability, and Equity in Post-pandemic Agri-food Supply Chains

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月16日

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  • Itthanan Suttikhana,
  • My Khanh Tran Thi Ha,
  • Thanh-Do Le,
  • Tolulope Joshua Ashaolu

摘要

The COVID-19 pandemic exposed systemic fragilities in global agri-food supply chains (AFSCs), spurring a rapid but uneven digital transformation. This review critically examines the tension between the promise of digital technologies for enhancing resilience and sustainability and their risks of exacerbating inequity. Introducing the “sustainability paradox” framework, it analyzes the environmental and social trade-offs inherent in technological solutions. The analysis reveals divergent digitalization pathways: a capital-intensive, automation-focused model in the global north versus a mobile-centric, platform-based model in the global south. It is argued that the primary bottleneck to a just transition is institutional, not technological. A sustainable digital future for agriculture, therefore, depends on developing equitable, context-aware governance to ensure the benefits of the “digital harvest” are shared by all, moving beyond simplistic techno-optimism.