<p>The growing threat of cybercrime poses significant challenges for police organizations, particularly in a society where artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly advancing and widely adopted. This paper presents original empirical research on specialist cybercrime units in China, aiming to highlight the key issues and challenges faced by frontline police officers and staff in combating online unlawful behavior and AI-generated crimes. Through in-depth interviews and participant observations involving cyber-policing officers, staff, supervisors from a police bureau, and judges from an Intermediate People’s Court, this study outlines the primary challenges identified by these law enforcement professionals. While officers generally express satisfaction with their roles in policing cybercrime, concerns about the future implications of AI-generated crimes and disinformation are notably prevalent. Fieldwork findings reveal three major themes: (a) the potential for AI-generated crimes to become a significant social issue in the future; (b) the challenges AI-generated unlawful behaviors pose to cybersecurity and law enforcement efforts; and (c) the inadequacies of existing laws and the lag in technological advancements—particularly in AI and big data—that hinder effective cyber policing. Additionally, interviewees highlighted concerns about insufficient skills and training within cybercrime units, which limit their ability to address the unique complexities of AI-driven cybercrime. Suggestions provided by officers and staff to improve this situation are also discussed in the paper.</p>