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<p>Inspired by the pectoral flippers of the humpback whale (<i>Megaptera novaeangliae</i>), the current work investigates the changes in the heat transfer performance of central processing unit (CPU) fans through the application of tubercles (sinusoidal protuberances) on the leading edges of these CPU fan blades. The action of tubercles primarily depends on the amplitude of the sinusoidal protuberances. To test the effects of different amplitudes on heat transfer characteristics of the CPU fans, three CPU fans were tested in this study: unmodified (baseline), A5W25 (amplitude = 0.05c, wavelength = 0.25c) and A12W25 (amplitude = 0.12c, wavelength = 0.25c), where c is the chord length. According to experimental results, using the standard steady-state heated thin foil technique, a 10–30% improvement in the Nusselt number (Nu), along with a more uniform cooling pattern on the heated foil, was obtained at lower distances <i>z</i>/<i>d</i> (where <i>z</i> is the axial distance between the fan outlet and the heated foil, while <i>d</i> is the fan outlet diameter). Higher axial components in the modified rotor exit flow field (A5W25), revealed by subsequent 2D PIV investigations, are suggested as the primary reason for the improved Nu at lower <i>z</i>/<i>d</i> (&lt;1).</p>

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Bio-inspired mini axial fan for thermal management

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月21日

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  • Dhruv S. Kuvar,
  • Venugopal Arumuru

摘要

Inspired by the pectoral flippers of the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae), the current work investigates the changes in the heat transfer performance of central processing unit (CPU) fans through the application of tubercles (sinusoidal protuberances) on the leading edges of these CPU fan blades. The action of tubercles primarily depends on the amplitude of the sinusoidal protuberances. To test the effects of different amplitudes on heat transfer characteristics of the CPU fans, three CPU fans were tested in this study: unmodified (baseline), A5W25 (amplitude = 0.05c, wavelength = 0.25c) and A12W25 (amplitude = 0.12c, wavelength = 0.25c), where c is the chord length. According to experimental results, using the standard steady-state heated thin foil technique, a 10–30% improvement in the Nusselt number (Nu), along with a more uniform cooling pattern on the heated foil, was obtained at lower distances z/d (where z is the axial distance between the fan outlet and the heated foil, while d is the fan outlet diameter). Higher axial components in the modified rotor exit flow field (A5W25), revealed by subsequent 2D PIV investigations, are suggested as the primary reason for the improved Nu at lower z/d (<1).