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<p>Animal digital twins couple sensor observations and farm records with process-based, data-driven or hybrid models to maintain continuously updated representations of animal state and management outcomes. Using ruminant methane as the principal illustration, this Perspective presents a nested architecture spanning animal, farm, supply chain and governance layers, and proposes six actions for climate-smart deployment. Credibility depends on ground-truth calibration, uncertainty-aware verification, farmer control and designs matched to local infrastructure.</p>

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Animal digital twins: systems architecture for climate-smart protein production

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月21日

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  • Suresh Raja Neethirajan

摘要

Animal digital twins couple sensor observations and farm records with process-based, data-driven or hybrid models to maintain continuously updated representations of animal state and management outcomes. Using ruminant methane as the principal illustration, this Perspective presents a nested architecture spanning animal, farm, supply chain and governance layers, and proposes six actions for climate-smart deployment. Credibility depends on ground-truth calibration, uncertainty-aware verification, farmer control and designs matched to local infrastructure.