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<p>The post-harvest stubble burning of rice paddies in Punjab and Haryana, India, significantly contributes to worsening air quality in the Delhi National Capital Region, particularly during the post-monsoon season. The 2009 Groundwater Conservation Policy (GWCP) inadvertently shifted stubble burning timing, compressing the interval between harvesting and sowing, which coincides with more stable synoptic-scale atmospheric conditions. This shift, compounded by aerosol-radiative feedback, intensifies pollution by reducing atmospheric ventilation and lowering boundary layer height, leading to higher PM<sub>2.5</sub> accumulation. Consequently, severe air quality episodes have tripled, with around 40% of this increase directly linked to aerosol-radiative feedback mechanisms. The elevated pollution levels lead to an estimated short term excess health burden of ~200 individuals and nearly 10,000 Years of Life Lost. These findings underscore the unintended consequences of isolated policy measures and emphasize the need for comprehensive environmental management strategies addressing both pollution sources and atmospheric processes that amplify their effects.</p>

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The role of atmospheric feedback and groundwater conservation policies in degrading air quality in Delhi

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月21日

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  • Sachin D. Ghude,
  • Gayatry Kalita,
  • Rajmal Jat,
  • Gaurav Govardhan,
  • Sreyashi Debnath,
  • Prafull P. Yadav,
  • Rupal Ambulkar,
  • Rajesh Kumar,
  • S. D. Attri

摘要

The post-harvest stubble burning of rice paddies in Punjab and Haryana, India, significantly contributes to worsening air quality in the Delhi National Capital Region, particularly during the post-monsoon season. The 2009 Groundwater Conservation Policy (GWCP) inadvertently shifted stubble burning timing, compressing the interval between harvesting and sowing, which coincides with more stable synoptic-scale atmospheric conditions. This shift, compounded by aerosol-radiative feedback, intensifies pollution by reducing atmospheric ventilation and lowering boundary layer height, leading to higher PM2.5 accumulation. Consequently, severe air quality episodes have tripled, with around 40% of this increase directly linked to aerosol-radiative feedback mechanisms. The elevated pollution levels lead to an estimated short term excess health burden of ~200 individuals and nearly 10,000 Years of Life Lost. These findings underscore the unintended consequences of isolated policy measures and emphasize the need for comprehensive environmental management strategies addressing both pollution sources and atmospheric processes that amplify their effects.