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<p>Human functioning is a key indicator of health, yet little is known about functioning profiles across Africa. We conducted a continent-wide profiling of functioning problems that can be improved with rehabilitation among adults with health conditions contributing most to the non-fatal burden of disease in each country (measured according to years lived with disability). Here we identified 1,154 peer-reviewed studies published between 2006 and 2024 from 41 countries across five databases. Using a web-based Rehab4All application, data were coded using the global International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health framework. Meta-analysis determined pooled prevalence, while network and trend analyses identified patterns over time. Our findings show that approximately 40% of adults experienced at least one functioning problem, mostly related to pain, mobility and emotion. Problems rarely occurred in isolation, reflecting their interconnected nature. The magnitude and complexity of functioning problems across Africa highlight the urgent need for integrated, context-specific rehabilitation strategies.</p>

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A scoping review and meta-analysis of functioning problems across 41 African countries

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月15日

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  • Maria Charumbira,
  • Rentia Maart,
  • Diribsa Bedada,
  • Conran Joseph,
  • Quinette Louw

摘要

Human functioning is a key indicator of health, yet little is known about functioning profiles across Africa. We conducted a continent-wide profiling of functioning problems that can be improved with rehabilitation among adults with health conditions contributing most to the non-fatal burden of disease in each country (measured according to years lived with disability). Here we identified 1,154 peer-reviewed studies published between 2006 and 2024 from 41 countries across five databases. Using a web-based Rehab4All application, data were coded using the global International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health framework. Meta-analysis determined pooled prevalence, while network and trend analyses identified patterns over time. Our findings show that approximately 40% of adults experienced at least one functioning problem, mostly related to pain, mobility and emotion. Problems rarely occurred in isolation, reflecting their interconnected nature. The magnitude and complexity of functioning problems across Africa highlight the urgent need for integrated, context-specific rehabilitation strategies.