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<p>Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) offer unparalleled signal amplification and biocompatibility for biomolecular sensing. This review systematically explores OECT principles, sensing mechanisms, and architectures, focusing on advancements in metabolite detection. We highlight how innovations in polymer materials and gate functionalization enhance in vitro detection performance. Crucially, we evaluate the emerging transition toward in vivo applications, addressing the technological hurdles of signal fidelity and tissue-device interfaces in complex biological systems.</p>

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Organic electrochemical transistors for metabolite sensing across the transition from in vitro to in vivo

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月22日

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  • Jintao Zheng,
  • Xiaohong Jiang,
  • Jiacheng Yu,
  • Runzhi Zhou,
  • Haoyang Yan,
  • Zheng Liang,
  • Genquan Wu,
  • Keying Guo

摘要

Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) offer unparalleled signal amplification and biocompatibility for biomolecular sensing. This review systematically explores OECT principles, sensing mechanisms, and architectures, focusing on advancements in metabolite detection. We highlight how innovations in polymer materials and gate functionalization enhance in vitro detection performance. Crucially, we evaluate the emerging transition toward in vivo applications, addressing the technological hurdles of signal fidelity and tissue-device interfaces in complex biological systems.