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<p>Phages with contractile tails employ elaborate mechanisms to penetrate bacterial cell walls and deliver their genomes into the host cytoplasm. Here, we used cryo-EM to show that the baseplate of phage 812, a member of the <i>Kayvirus</i> genus, which infects Gram-positive <i>Staphylococcus</i> strains, is formed of a core, wedge modules, and baseplate arms carrying receptor-binding proteins 1 and 2 and tripod complexes. Upon binding to a host cell, the receptor-binding proteins of phage 812 baseplate reorient and undergo conformational changes. The changes to the tripod complexes trigger the release of the central spike and weld proteins, which expose peptidoglycan-degrading domains of the hub proteins. Changes in the positions of baseplate arms are transmitted through wedge modules to tail sheath initiator proteins. The ring of the tail sheath initiator proteins expands and triggers the contraction of the tail sheath, which shortens to 50% and pushes the tail tube 10–30 nm into the bacterial cytoplasm. Homologous molecular mechanisms are probably shared by phages of the <i>Herelleviridae</i> family with contractile tails to infect Gram-positive bacteria.</p>

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Conformational changes of the baseplate regulating tail contraction of Staphylococcus phage 812

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月26日

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  • Ján Bíňovský,
  • Marta Šiborová,
  • Maryna Zlatohurska,
  • Jiří Nováček,
  • Pavol Bárdy,
  • Roman Baška,
  • Karel Škubník,
  • Tibor Botka,
  • Martin Benešík,
  • Roman Pantůček,
  • Konstantinos Tripsianes,
  • Pavel Plevka

摘要

Phages with contractile tails employ elaborate mechanisms to penetrate bacterial cell walls and deliver their genomes into the host cytoplasm. Here, we used cryo-EM to show that the baseplate of phage 812, a member of the Kayvirus genus, which infects Gram-positive Staphylococcus strains, is formed of a core, wedge modules, and baseplate arms carrying receptor-binding proteins 1 and 2 and tripod complexes. Upon binding to a host cell, the receptor-binding proteins of phage 812 baseplate reorient and undergo conformational changes. The changes to the tripod complexes trigger the release of the central spike and weld proteins, which expose peptidoglycan-degrading domains of the hub proteins. Changes in the positions of baseplate arms are transmitted through wedge modules to tail sheath initiator proteins. The ring of the tail sheath initiator proteins expands and triggers the contraction of the tail sheath, which shortens to 50% and pushes the tail tube 10–30 nm into the bacterial cytoplasm. Homologous molecular mechanisms are probably shared by phages of the Herelleviridae family with contractile tails to infect Gram-positive bacteria.