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<p>Electricity outages can seriously disrupt daily life and essential services. In this Review, we take a close look at outage analysis, monitoring, mitigation and restoration. Primary causes and counter-strategies for selected major outage events from the past decade are reviewed to provide insight into metrics that measure grid resilience. Clear metrics help pinpoint the main causes, identify weak points in the system and evaluate investment impact in grid strengthening, speeding up restoration. Alongside empirical datasets, advanced sensors provide a grid’s real-time information, facilitating early problem detection, timely outage localization and preventive maintenance. Automated grid controls can stop initial disturbances from turning into system-wide blackouts, and restoration strategies are designed to restore power sooner despite cyber risks. As power systems continue to evolve, this Review endeavours to provide practical insights into emerging challenges in outage management and future perspectives on building a resilient and reliable power system.</p>

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From electricity outage analysis and monitoring to mitigation and restoration

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月3日

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  • Yitong Liu,
  • Alaa Selim,
  • Ian Dobson,
  • Junbo Zhao,
  • Giovanni Sansavini,
  • Bálint Hartmann,
  • Fei Ding

摘要

Electricity outages can seriously disrupt daily life and essential services. In this Review, we take a close look at outage analysis, monitoring, mitigation and restoration. Primary causes and counter-strategies for selected major outage events from the past decade are reviewed to provide insight into metrics that measure grid resilience. Clear metrics help pinpoint the main causes, identify weak points in the system and evaluate investment impact in grid strengthening, speeding up restoration. Alongside empirical datasets, advanced sensors provide a grid’s real-time information, facilitating early problem detection, timely outage localization and preventive maintenance. Automated grid controls can stop initial disturbances from turning into system-wide blackouts, and restoration strategies are designed to restore power sooner despite cyber risks. As power systems continue to evolve, this Review endeavours to provide practical insights into emerging challenges in outage management and future perspectives on building a resilient and reliable power system.